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A high stellar velocity dispersion for a compact massive galaxy at redshift z = 2.186

机译：恒星密集星系在红移z = 2.186时的高恒星速度色散

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摘要

Recent studies have found that the oldest and most luminous galaxies in the early Universe are surprisingly compact~(1-7), having stellar masses similar to present-day elliptical galaxies but much smaller sizes. This finding has attracted considerable attention~(8-13), as it suggests that massive galaxies have grown in size by a factor of about five over the past ten billion years (10Gyr). A key test of these results is a determination of the stellar kinematics of one of the compact galaxies: if the sizes of these objects are as extreme as has been claimed, their stars are expected to have much higher velocities than those in present-day galaxies of the same mass. Here we report a measurement of the stellar velocity dispersion of a massive compact galaxy at redshift z = 2.186, corresponding to a look-back time of 10.7 Gyr. The velocity dispersion is very high at 510_(-95)~(+165) kins~(-1), consistent with the mass and compactness of the galaxy inferred from photometric data. This would indicate significant recent structural and dynamical evolution of massive galaxies over the past 10 Gyr. The uncertainty in the dispersion was determined from simulations that include the effects of noise and template mismatch. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that some subtle systematic effect may have influenced the analysis, given the low signal-to-noise ratio of our spectrum.
机译：最近的研究发现，宇宙早期的最古老，发光程度最高的星系令人惊讶地紧凑（1-7），其恒星质量类似于当今的椭圆星系，但大小却小得多。这一发现引起了相当大的关注〜（8-13），因为它表明，在过去的一百亿年（10Gyr）中，大型星系的大小增长了约五倍。这些结果的关键测试是确定一个紧凑型星系的恒星运动学：如果这些天体的大小如所宣称的那样极端，那么它们的恒星速度有望比当今的星系高得多。相同质量的在这里，我们报告了在红移z = 2.186时对应于10.7 Gyr的回溯时间的大型紧实星系恒星速度色散的测量值。速度色散在510 _（-95）〜（+165）kins〜（-1）时非常高，这与从光度数据推断出的银河系的质量和紧密度一致。这将表明过去10个Gyr期间大质量星系的近期结构和动力学演变。色散中的不确定性由包括噪声和模板失配影响的仿真确定。但是，鉴于我们频谱的信噪比低，我们不能排除某些细微的系统效应可能影响分析的可能性。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2009年第7256期|717-719|共3页
  • 作者

    Pieter G. van Dokkum; Mariska Kriek; Marijn Franx;

  • 作者单位

    Astronomy Department, Yale University, 260 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA;

    Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA;

    Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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