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Microfibre-nanowire hybrid structure for energy scavenging

机译：超细纤维-纳米线混合结构，用于能量清除

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摘要

A self-powering nanosystem that harvests its operating energy from the environment is an attractive proposition for sensing, personal electronics and defence technologies. This is in principle feasible for nanodevices owing to their extremely low power consumption. Solar, thermal and mechanical (wind, friction, body movement) energies are common and may be scavenged from the environment, but the type of energy source to be chosen has to be decided on the basis of specific applications. Military sensing/surveillance node placement, for example, may involve difficult-to-reach locations, may need to be hidden, and may be in environments that are dusty, rainy, dark and/or in deep forest. In a moving vehicle or aeroplane, harvesting energy from a rotating tyre or wind blowing on the body is a possible choice to power wireless devices implanted in the surface of the vehicle. Nanowire nanogenerators built on hard substrates were demonstrated for harvesting local mechanical energy produced by high-frequency ultrasonic waves. To harvest the energy from vibration or disturbance originating from footsteps, heartbeats, ambient noise and air flow, it is important to explore innovative technologies that work at low frequencies (such as <10 Hz) and that are based on flexible soft materials. Here we present a simple, low-cost approach that converts low-frequency vibration/friction energy into electricity using piezoelectric zinc oxide nanowires grown radially around textile fibres. By entangling two fibres and brushing the nanowires rooted on them with respect to each other, mechanical energy is converted into electricity owing to a coupled piezoelectric-semiconductor process. This work establishes a methodology for scavenging light-wind energy and body-movement energy using fabrics.
机译：一个自供电的纳米系统可以从环境中获取运行能量，这对于传感，个人电子和国防技术来说是一个有吸引力的主张。由于纳米器件的极低功耗，这在原理上对于纳米器件是可行的。太阳能，热能和机械能（风能，摩擦力，身体运动）是常见的能源，可以从环境中清除，但是要选择的能源类型必须根据特定的应用确定。例如，军事传感/监视节点的放置可能涉及难以到达的位置，可能需要隐藏，并且可能处于多尘，下雨，黑暗和/或森林深处的环境中。在运动的车辆或飞机上，从旋转的轮胎或吹在车身上的风中收集能量是为植入车辆表面的无线设备供电的一种可能选择。展示了在硬质基底上构建的纳米线纳米发电机可用于收集高频超声波产生的局部机械能。为了从脚步，心跳，环境噪声和气流产生的振动或干扰中获取能量，重要的是探索以低频（例如<10 Hz）工作并且基于柔性软质材料的创新技术。在这里，我们提出一种简单，低成本的方法，该方法使用在纤维周围径向生长的压电氧化锌纳米线将低频振动/摩擦能量转换为电能。通过缠结两个纤维并相对于彼此刷在其上的纳米线，由于耦合了压电半导体工艺，机械能被转换为电能。这项工作建立了一种使用织物清除风能和人体运动能的方法。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2008年第7180期|p.809-813|共5页
  • 作者

    Yong Qin; Xudong Wang; Zhong Lin Wang;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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