• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Nature >Scaling laws of marine predator search behaviour
【24h】

Scaling laws of marine predator search behaviour

机译：海洋捕食者搜索行为的尺度定律

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Many free-ranging predators have to make foraging decisions with little, if any, knowledge of present resource distribution and availability1. The optimal search strategy they should use to maximize encounter rates with prey in heterogeneous natural environments remains a largely unresolved issue in ecology. Levy walks are specialized random walks giving rise to fractal movement trajectories that may represent an optimal solution for searching complex landscapes. However, the adaptive significance of this putative strategy in response to natural prey distributions remains untested. Here we analyse over a million movement displacements recorded from animal-attached electronic tags to show that diverse marine predators-sharks, bony fishes, sea turtles and penguins-exhibit Levy-walk-like behaviour close to a theoretical optimum. Prey density distributions also display Levy-like fractal patterns, suggesting response movements by predators to prey distributions. Simulations show that predators have higher encounter rates when adopting Levy-type foraging in natural-like prey fields compared with purely random landscapes. This is consistent with the hypothesis that observed search patterns are adapted to observed statistical patterns of the landscape. This may explain why Levy-like behaviour seems to be widespread among diverse organisms, from microbes to humans, as a 'rule' that evolved in response to patchy resource distributions.
机译：许多自由放养的捕食者不得不在缺乏当前资源分配和可用性的知识的情况下做出觅食决策1。在异质自然环境中，他们应该使用的最佳搜索策略来最大化与猎物的接触率，这在生态学中仍然是一个尚未解决的问题。征税步行是专门的随机步行，会产生分形运动轨迹，这可能是搜索复杂景观的最佳解决方案。但是，这种推定策略对自然猎物分布的适应性意义尚未得到检验。在这里，我们分析了从附有动物的电子标签上记录的超过一百万个运动位移，以表明各种海洋捕食者（鲨鱼，硬骨鱼类，海龟和企鹅）都表现出类似Levy行走的行为，接近理论上的最佳值。猎物密度分布还显示出类似利维的分形图案，表明掠食者对猎物分布的响应运动。模拟表明，与纯随机景观相比，在类似自然的猎物场中采用Levy型觅食时，捕食者的遭遇率更高。这与观察到的搜索模式适合于景观的观察到的统计模式的假设相一致。这也许可以解释为什么像征费的行为似乎是从微生物到人类的各种生物中普遍存在的一种“规则”，是针对不规则资源分布而演变而来的。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号