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Ecosystem energetic implications of parasite and free-living biomass in three estuaries

机译：三个河口中寄生生物和自由生物量的生态系统能量意义

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摘要

Parasites can have strong impacts but are thought to contribute little biomass to ecosystems. We quantified the biomass of free-living and parasitic species in three estuaries on the Pacific coast of California and Baja California. Here we show that parasites have substantial biomass in these ecosystems. We found that parasite biomass exceeded that of top predators. The biomass of trema-todes was particularly high, being comparable to that of the abundant birds, fishes, burrowing shrimps and polychaetes. Trophically transmitted parasites and parasitic castrators subsumed more biomass than did other parasitic functional groups. The extended phenotype biomass controlled by parasitic castrators sometimes exceeded that of their uninfected hosts. The annual production of free-swimming trematode transmission stages was greater than the combined biomass of all quantified parasites and was also greater than bird biomass. This biomass and productivity of parasites implies a profound role for infectious processes in these estuaries.
机译：寄生虫会产生很大的影响，但被认为对生态系统的贡献很小。我们对加利福尼亚太平洋海岸和下加利福尼亚州的三个河口中的自由生活和寄生物种的生物量进行了量化。在这里，我们显示了这些生态系统中的寄生虫具有大量生物量。我们发现寄生生物量超过顶级捕食者。趾甲的生物量特别高，与丰富的鸟类，鱼类，穴居虾和多毛cha的生物量相当。营养传播的寄生虫和寄生蓖麻子比其他寄生功能组包含更多的生物量。寄生cast虫控制的扩展表型生物量有时超过其未感染宿主的生物量。自由游动的吸虫吸虫传播阶段的年产量大于所有定量寄生虫的总生物量，也大于禽类生物量。这些生物量和寄生虫的生产力暗示着这些河口中传染过程的重要作用。

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