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The lakes of Titan

机译：泰坦湖

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摘要

The surface of Saturn's haze-shrouded moon Titan has long been proposed to have oceans or lakes, on the basis of the stability of liquid methane at the surface(1,2). Initial visible(3) and radar(4,5) imaging failed to find any evidence of an ocean, although abundant evidence was found that flowing liquids have existed on the surface(5,6). Here we provide definitive evidence for the presence of lakes on the surface of Titan, obtained during the Cassini Radar flyby of Titan on 22 July 2006 (T-16). The radar imaging polewards of 70 degrees north shows more than 75 circular to irregular radar-dark patches, in a region where liquid methane and ethane are expected to be abundant and stable on the surface(2,7). The radar-dark patches are interpreted as lakes on the basis of their very low radar reflectivity and morphological similarities to lakes, including associated channels and location in topographic depressions. Some of the lakes do not completely fill the depressions in which they lie, and apparently dry depressions are present. We interpret this to indicate that lakes are present in a number of states, including partly dry and liquid-filled. These northern-hemisphere lakes constitute the strongest evidence yet that a condensable-liquid hydrological cycle is active in Titan's surface and atmosphere, in which the lakes are filled through rainfall and/or intersection with the subsurface 'liquid methane' table.
机译：长期以来，基于液态甲烷在地表的稳定性，人们一直认为土星被阴霾笼罩的月亮土卫六的表面具有海洋或湖泊（1,2）。最初的可见光（3）和雷达（4,5）成像未能找到任何海洋证据，尽管已发现大量证据表明地表存在液态液体（5,6）。在此，我们提供了有关泰坦表面上湖泊的确凿证据，这是在2006年7月22日泰坦号的卡西尼号雷达飞越（T-16）期间获得的。在北纬70度的雷达成像极点处，显示出75个以上的圆形至不规则的雷达暗斑，在该区域中，液态甲烷和乙烷预计在地表上很丰富且稳定（2,7）。雷达暗斑被认为是湖泊，因为它们的雷达反射率非常低，并且与湖泊的形态相似，包括相关的通道和地形凹陷处的位置。一些湖泊没有完全填满它们所在的洼地，显然存在干dry的洼地。我们将其解释为表明湖泊存在于许多州，包括部分干燥和充满液体的州。这些北半球湖泊构成了迄今为止最有力的证据，表明土卫六的表面和大气中存在可凝结液体的水文循环，其中湖泊通过降雨和/或与地下“液态甲烷”表相交而充满。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2007年第7123期|p. 61-64|共4页
  • 作者

    Stofan ER; Elachi C; Lunine JI; Lorenz RD; Stiles B; Mitchell KL; Ostro S; Soderblom L; Wood C; Zebker H;

  • 作者单位

    Proxemy Res, Rectortown, VA 20140 USA;

    Univ Coll London, Dept Earth Sci, London WC1E 6BT, England;

    CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA;

    Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA;

    Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Space Dept, Laurel, MD 20723 USA;

    US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA;

    Wheeling Jesuit Univ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA;

    Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA;

    Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;

    NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

    RADAR MAPPER; METHANE; SURFACE; CLOUDS;

    机译：雷达测绘仪;甲烷;表面;云;

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