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Seismic evidence for convection-driven motion of the North American plate

机译：对流驱动北美板块运动的地震证据

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摘要

Since the discovery of plate tectonics, the relative importance of driving forces of plate motion has been debated. Resolution of this issue has been hindered by uncertainties in estimates of basal traction, which controls the coupling between lithospheric plates and underlying mantle convection. Hotspot tracks preserve records of past plate motion and provide markers with which the relative motion between a plate's surface and underlying mantle regions may be examined. Here we show that the 115-140-Myr surface expression of the Great Meteor hotspot track in eastern North America is misaligned with respect to its location at 200 km depth, as inferred from plate-reconstruction models and seismic tomographic studies.%一组地震图片、地质年代资料和板块运动重建资料，被用来比较北美 岩石圈底部和顶部一个热点轨迹的位置和年代。这项工作显示，该轨 迹的表面和深部存在一个明显错位；随着轨迹年龄的增长，该错位也 在增加。该错位可以由北美底下地幔岩石圈中的蠕动得到最好的解释。 这些观测结果所暗示的剪切作用表明，板块运动是由板块底部的粘性 牵引力驱动的，而不是被其阻滞的。这一结论对于了解板块构造的驱 动力有重要意义。
机译：Since the discovery of plate tectonics, the relative importance of driving forces of plate motion has been debated. Resolution of this issue has been hindered by uncertainties in estimates of basal traction, which controls the coupling between lithospheric plates and underlying mantle convection. Hotspot tracks preserve records of past plate motion and provide markers with which the relative motion between a plate's surface and underlying mantle regions may be examined. Here we show that the 115-140-Myr surface expression of the Great Meteor hotspot track in eastern North America is misaligned with respect to its location at 200 km depth, as inferred from plate-reconstruction models and seismic tomographic studies.%一组地震图片、地质年代资料和板块运动重建资料，被用来比较北美 岩石圈底部和顶部一个热点轨迹的位置和年代。这项工作显示，该轨 迹的表面和深部存在一个明显错位；随着轨迹年龄的增长，该错位也 在增加。该错位可以由北美底下地幔岩石圈中的蠕动得到最好的解释。 这些观测结果所暗示的剪切作用表明，板块运动是由板块底部的粘性 牵引力驱动的，而不是被其阻滞的。这一结论对于了解板块构造的驱 动力有重要意义。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2007年第7134期|p.428-431|共4页
  • 作者

    David W. Eaton; Andrew Frederiksen;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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