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Stability and flexibility of epigenetic gene regulation in mammalian development

机译:表观遗传基因调控在哺乳动物发育中的稳定性和灵活性

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摘要

During development, cells start in a pluripotent state, from which they can differentiate into many cell types, and progressively develop a narrower potential. Their gene-expression programmes become more defined, restricted and, potentially, 'locked in'. Pluripotent stem cells express genes that encode a set of core transcription factors, while genes that are required later in development are repressed by histone marks, which confer short-term, and therefore flexible, epigenetic silencing. By contrast, the methylation of DNA confers long-term epigenetic silencing of particular sequences — transposons, imprinted genes and pluripotency-associated genes — in somatic cells. Long-term silencing can be reprogrammed by demethylation of DNA, and this process might involve DNA repair. It is not known whether any of the epigenetic marks has a primary role in determining cell and lineage commitment during development.
机译:在发育过程中,细胞以多能状态开始,从中可以分化为多种细胞类型,并逐渐发展出更窄的潜力。他们的基因表达程序变得更加定义,受限制,并且有可能“锁定”。多能干细胞表达编码一组核心转录因子的基因,而后期发育所需的基因则受到组蛋白标记的抑制,这赋予了短期的,因此灵活的表观遗传沉默。相比之下,DNA的甲基化赋予体细胞特定序列(转座子,印迹基因和多能性相关基因)的长期表观遗传沉默。长期沉默可以通过DNA脱甲基来重新编程,并且此过程可能涉及DNA修复。尚不清楚任何表观遗传标记是否在确定发育过程中的细胞和谱系承诺中起主要作用。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2007年第7143期|p.425-432|共8页
  • 作者

    Wolf Reik;

  • 作者单位

    Laboratory of Developmental Genetics and Imprinting, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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