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Experimental and theoretical study of mitotic spindle orientation

机译：有丝分裂纺锤体定向的实验和理论研究

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The architecture and adhesiveness of a cell microenvironment is a critical factor for the regulation of spindle orientation in vivo. Using a combination of theory and experiments, we have investigated spindle orientation in HeLa (human) cells. Here we show that spindle orientation can be understood as the result of the action of cortical force generators, which interact with spindle microtubules and are activated by cortical cues. We develop a simple physical description of this spindle mechanics, which allows us to calculate angular profiles of the torque acting on the spindle, as well as the angular distribution of spindle orientations. Our model accounts for the preferred spindle orientation and the shape of the full angular distribution of spindle orientations observed in a large variety of different cellular microenvironment geometries. It also correctly describes asymmetric spindle orientations, which are observed for certain distributions of cortical cues. We conclude that, on the basis of a few simple assumptions, we can provide a quantitative description of the spindle orientation of adherent cells.
机译：细胞微环境的结构和粘附性是体内调节纺锤体定向的关键因素。结合理论和实验，我们研究了HeLa（人类）细胞中的纺锤定向。在这里，我们表明主轴方向可以理解为皮质力产生器的作用的结果，该皮质力产生器与主轴微管相互作用并被皮质提示激活。我们对这种主轴力学进行了简单的物理描述，这使我们能够计算作用在主轴上的转矩的角度分布以及主轴方向的角度分布。我们的模型考虑了在各种不同的细胞微环境几何形状中观察到的首选主轴定向和主轴定向的完整角度分布的形状。它还正确地描述了不对称的纺锤定向，这对于皮质提示的某些分布可以观察到。我们得出的结论是，基于一些简单的假设，我们可以对贴壁细胞的纺锤体定向进行定量描述。

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