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Fire as the dominant driver of central Canadian boreal forest carbon balance

机译：火灾是加拿大中部北方森林碳平衡的主要驱动力

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摘要

Changes in climate, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and fire regimes have been occurring for decades in the global boreal forest, with future climate change likely to increase fire frequency—the primary disturbance agent in most boreal forests. Previous attempts to assess quantitatively the effect of changing environmental conditions on the net boreal forest carbon balance have not taken into account the competition between different vegetation types on a large scale. Here we use a process model with three competing vascular and non-vascular vegetation types to examine the effects of climate, carbon dioxide concentrations and fire disturbance on net biome production, net primary production and vegetation dominance in 100 Mha of Canadian boreal forest. We find that the carbon balance of this region was driven by changes in fire disturbance from 1948 to 2005. Climate changes affected the variability, but not the mean, of the landscape carbon balance, with precipitation exerting a more significant effect than temperature. We show that more frequent and larger fires in the late twentieth century resulted in deciduous trees and mosses increasing production at the expense of coniferous trees. Our model did not however exhibit the increases in total forest net primary production that have been inferred from satellite data. We find that poor soil drainage decreased the variability of the landscape carbon balance, which suggests that increased climate and hydrological changes have the potential to affect disproportionately the carbon dynamics of these areas. Overall, we conclude that direct ecophysiological changes resulting from global climate change have not yet been felt in this large boreal region. Variations in the landscape carbon balance and vegetation dominance have so far been driven largely by increases in fire frequency.
机译：在全球北方森林中，气候，大气二氧化碳浓度和火势的变化已经发生了数十年，未来的气候变化可能会增加火灾频率，而火灾频率是大多数北方森林的主要干扰因素。先前尝试定量评估不断变化的环境条件对北方北方森林碳净平衡的影响的尝试并未考虑到大规模不同植被类型之间的竞争。在这里，我们使用具有三种竞争性维管植物和非维管植物类型的过程模型来研究气候，二氧化碳浓度和火干扰对100 Mha加拿大北方森林净生物群落生产，净初级生产力和植被优势的影响。我们发现，从1948年到2005年，该地区的碳平衡受火灾扰动的变化驱动。气候变化影响景观碳平衡的变化性，但不影响平均值，降水影响比温度影响更大。我们表明，在二十世纪后期，更频繁，更大规模的火灾导致了落叶乔木和苔藓，以牺牲针叶树为代价增加了产量。但是，我们的模型并未显示出从卫星数据推断出的森林净初级总产量的增加。我们发现不良的土壤排水降低了景观碳平衡的可变性，这表明增加的气候和水文变化有可能不成比例地影响这些地区的碳动态。总的来说，我们得出的结论是，在这个大的北方地区，尚未感受到全球气候变化导致的直接生态生理变化。迄今为止，景观碳平衡和植被优势的变化很大程度上是由着火频率的增加所驱动的。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2007年第7166期|89-92|共4页
  • 作者

    Ben Bond-Lamberty; Scott D. Peckham; Douglas E. Ahl; Stith T. Gower;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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