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Scale invariance and universality of force networks in static granular matter.

机译:静态颗粒物质中力网络的尺度不变性和普遍性。

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摘要

Force networks form the skeleton of static granular matter. They are the key factor that determines mechanical properties such as stability, elasticity and sound transmission, which are important for civil engineering and industrial processing. Previous studies have focused on investigations of the global structure of external forces (the boundary condition) and on the probability distribution of individual contact forces. So far, however, precise knowledge of the disordered spatial structure of the force network has remained elusive. Here we report that molecular dynamics simulations of realistic granular packings reveal scale invariance of clusters of particles interacting by means of relatively strong forces. Despite visual variation, force networks for various values of the confining pressure and other parameters have identical scaling exponents and scaling function, thereby determining a universality class. Unexpectedly, the flat ensemble of force configurations (a simple generalization of equilibrium statistical mechanics) belongs to this universality class, whereas some widely studied simplified models do not. This implies that the elasticity of the grains and their geometrical disorder do not affect the universal mechanical properties.
机译:力网络形成静态颗粒物质的骨架。它们是决定机械性能(如稳定性,弹性和声音传递)的关键因素,这对土木工程和工业加工至关重要。先前的研究集中于对外力的整体结构(边界条件)的研究以及对单个接触力的概率分布的研究。但是,到目前为止,对力网络无序的空间结构的精确了解仍然难以捉摸。在这里,我们报告现实的颗粒堆积的分子动力学模拟揭示了通过相对强大的力相互作用的粒子簇的尺度不变性。尽管存在视觉变化,但用于围压和其他参数的各种值的力网络具有相同的缩放指数和缩放函数,从而确定通用性类别。出乎意料的是,力结构的扁平集合(平衡统计力学的简单概括)属于这一普遍性类别,而一些经过广泛研究的简化模型却不属于这种普遍性类别。这意味着晶粒的弹性及其几何形状不影响通用机械性能。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2006年第7078期|P.828-830|共3页
  • 作者

    Ostojic S; Somfai E; Nienhuis B;

  • 作者单位

    Institute for Theoretical Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Valckenierstraat 65, 1018 XE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 基础医学;
  • 关键词

    Scale 3; structure; Elasticity; network; molecular dynamics; 弹性;

    机译:尺度3;结构;弹性;网络;分子动力学;弹性;

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