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Stratified prokaryote network in the oxic-anoxic transition of a deep-sea halocline.

机译：深海卤水在有氧-无氧过渡过程中的分层原核生物网络。

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The chemical composition of the Bannock basin has been studied in some detail. We recently showed that unusual microbial populations, including a new division of Archaea (MSBL1), inhabit the NaCl-rich hypersaline brine. High salinities tend to reduce biodiversity, but when brines come into contact with fresher water the natural haloclines formed frequently contain gradients of other chemicals, including permutations of electron donors and acceptors, that may enhance microbial diversity, activity and biogeochemical cycling. Here we report a 2.5-m-thick chemocline with a steep NaCl gradient at 3.3 km within the water column betweeen Bannock anoxic hypersaline brine and overlying sea water. The chemocline supports some of the most biomass-rich and active microbial communities in the deep sea, dominated by Bacteria rather than Archaea, and including four major new divisions of Bacteria. Significantly higher metabolic activities were measured in the chemocline than in the overlying sea water and underlying brine; functional analyses indicate that a range of biological processes is likely to occur in the chemocline. Many prokaryotic taxa, including the phylogenetically new groups, were confined to defined salinities, and collectively formed a diverse, sharply stratified, deep-sea ecosystem with sufficient biomass to potentially contribute to organic geological deposits.
机译：班诺克盆地的化学成分已被详细研究。我们最近发现，异常细菌种群，包括古细菌的新分支（MSBL1），居住在富含NaCl的高盐盐水中。高盐度往往会降低生物多样性，但是当盐水与淡水接触时，形成的天然盐卤经常包含其他化学物质的梯度，包括电子供体和受体的排列，这可能会增强微生物的多样性，活性和生物地球化学循环。在这里，我们报告了在Bannock缺氧高盐盐水和上覆海水之间的水柱内，在2.5 km处有一个2.5 m厚的趋化索，NaCl梯度很陡。趋化霉素支持深海中一些生物量最丰富，活性最高的微生物群落，主要由细菌而不是古生菌组成，并包括细菌的四个主要新分支。与上层海水和下层盐水相比，该趋化霉素的代谢活性明显更高。功能分析表明，趋化霉素可能发生一系列生物学过程。许多原核生物分类群，包括系统发育上新的群，都被限定在一定的盐度范围内，并共同形成了一个多样化的，清晰分层的深海生态系统，其中有足够的生物量来潜在地促进有机地质沉积。

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