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A Cretaceous terrestrial snake with robust hindlimbs and a sacrum.

机译:白垩纪陆生蛇,后肢健壮,有ac骨。

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摘要

It has commonly been thought that snakes underwent progressive loss of their limbs by gradual diminution of their use. However, recent developmental and palaeontological discoveries suggest a more complex scenario of limb reduction, still poorly documented in the fossil record. Here we report a fossil snake with a sacrum supporting a pelvic girdle and robust, functional legs outside the ribcage. The new fossil, from the Upper Cretaceous period of Patagonia, fills an important gap in the evolutionary progression towards limblessness because other known fossil snakes with developed hindlimbs, the marine Haasiophis, Pachyrhachis and Eupodophis, lack a sacral region. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the new fossil is the most primitive (basal) snake known and that all other limbed fossil snakes are closer to the more advanced macrostomatan snakes, a group including boas, pythons and colubroids. The new fossil retains several features associated with a subterranean or surface dwelling life that are also present in primitive extant snake lineages, supporting the hypothesis of a terrestrial rather than marine origin of snakes.
机译:通常认为,蛇的使用逐渐减少,使四肢逐渐丧失。但是,最近的发展和古生物学发现表明,减少肢体的情况更为复杂,但化石记录中尚无文献记载。在这里,我们报告了一条化石蛇,supporting骨支撑着骨盆带和位于胸腔外的健壮的功能性腿。来自巴塔哥尼亚上白垩纪的新化石填补了向无肢的进化过程中的重要空白,因为其他已知的具有发达后肢的化石蛇(海洋Haasiophis,Pachyrhachis和Eupodophis)都缺少a骨区域。系统发育分析表明,新化石是已知的最原始的(基类)蛇,所有其他四肢化石蛇都与更高级的大型气孔蛇(​​包括蟒蛇,蟒蛇和蛇甲类蛇)更近。新的化石保留了一些与地下或地面居住生活相关的特征,这些特征也存在于原始现存的蛇血统中,从而支持了蛇的陆地而非海洋起源的假说。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2006年第7087期|P.1037-1040|共4页
  • 作者

    Apesteguia S; Zaher H;

  • 作者单位

    Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia, A. Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires (1405), Argentina. paleoninja@yahoo.com.ar;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 基础医学;
  • 关键词

    Evolution; Fossils; Hindlimb; Sacrum; Snakes; 进化; 化石; 后肢; 骶骨; 蛇;

    机译:Evolution;Fossils;Hindlimb;Sacrum;Snakes;进化;化石;后肢;骶骨;蛇;

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