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Local switching of two-dimensional superconductivity using the ferroelectric field effect

机译：利用铁电场效应进行二维超导的局部转换

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摘要

Correlated oxides display a variety of extraordinary physical properties including high-temperature superconductivity(1) and colossal magnetoresistance(2). In these materials, strong electronic correlations often lead to competing ground states that are sensitive to many parameters - in particular the doping level so that complex phase diagrams are observed. A flexible way to explore the role of doping is to tune the electron or hole concentration with electric fields, as is done in standard semiconductor field effect transistors(3). Here we demonstrate a model oxide system based on high-quality heterostructures in which the ferroelectric field effect approach can be studied. We use a single-crystal film of the perovskite superconductor Nb-doped SrTiO3 as the superconducting channel and ferroelectric Pb(Zr, Ti) O-3 as the gate oxide. Atomic force microscopy is used to locally reverse the ferroelectric polarization, thus inducing large resistivity and carrier modulations, resulting in a clear shift in the superconducting critical temperature. Field-induced switching from the normal state to the ( zero resistance) superconducting state was achieved at a well-defined temperature. This unique system could lead to a field of research in which devices are realized by locally defining in the same material superconducting and normal regions with `perfect' interfaces, the interface being purely electronic. Using this approach, one could potentially design one-dimensional superconducting wires, superconducting rings and junctions, superconducting quantum interference devices ( SQUIDs) or arrays of pinning centres.
机译：相关的氧化物显示出各种非凡的物理特性，包括高温超导性（1）和巨大的磁阻（2）。在这些材料中，强电子相关性通常会导致对许多参数（尤其是掺杂水平）敏感的竞争基态，从而观察到复杂的相图。探索掺杂作用的一种灵活方法是用电场调节电子或空穴的浓度，就像在标准半导体场效应晶体管中一样（3）。在这里，我们演示了基于高质量异质结构的模型氧化物系统，在其中可以研究铁电场效应方法。我们使用钙钛矿超导体掺Nb的SrTiO3的单晶膜作为超导沟道，并使用铁电Pb（Zr，Ti）O-3作为栅氧化物。原子力显微镜用于局部逆转铁电极化，从而引起大电阻率和载流子调制，从而导致超导临界温度发生明显变化。在确定的温度下实现了从正常状态到（零电阻）超导状态的场感应转换。这个独特的系统可能会导致一个研究领域，即通过在同一材料的超导和正常区域中局部定义具有“完美”接口的设备来实现设备，该接口是纯电子的。使用这种方法，可以潜在地设计一维超导线，超导环和结，超导量子干扰设备（SQUID）或钉扎中心阵列。

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