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A mutation in Orai1 causes immune deficiency by abrogating CRAC channel function

机译:Orai1中的突变通过废除CRAC通道功能导致免疫缺陷

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Antigen stimulation of immune cells triggers Ca2+ entry through Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ ( CRAC) channels, promoting the immune response to pathogens by activating the transcription factor NFAT. We have previously shown that cells from patients with one form of hereditary severe combined immune deficiency ( SCID) syndrome are defective in store-operated Ca2+ entry and CRAC channel function. Here we identify the genetic defect in these patients, using a combination of two unbiased genome-wide approaches: a modified linkage analysis with single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays, and a Drosophila RNA interference screen designed to identify regulators of store-operated Ca2+ entry and NFAT nuclear import. Both approaches converged on a novel protein that we call Orai1, which contains four putative transmembrane segments. The SCID patients are homozygous for a single missense mutation in ORAI1, and expression of wild-type Orai1 in SCID T cells restores store-operated Ca2+ influx and the CRAC current ( I CRAC). We propose that Orai1 is an essential component or regulator of the CRAC channel complex.
机译:免疫细胞的抗原刺激通过Ca2 +释放激活的Ca2 +(CRAC)通道触发Ca2 +进入,通过激活转录因子NFAT促进对病原体的免疫反应。我们以前已经表明,患有一种遗传性重度合并免疫缺陷(SCID)综合征的患者的细胞在存储操作的Ca2 +进入和CRAC通道功能方面存在缺陷。在这里,我们使用两种无偏见的全基因组方法相结合,确定了这些患者的遗传缺陷:采用单核苷酸多态性阵列的改良连锁分析以及设计用于鉴定存储操纵性Ca2 +进入和NFAT调节剂的果蝇RNA干扰筛选。核进口。两种方法都汇聚在一种称为Orai1的新型蛋白质上,该蛋白质包含四个假定的跨膜区段。 SCID患者对于ORAI1中的单个错义突变是纯合的,并且SCID T细胞中野生型Orai1的表达恢复了存储操纵的Ca2 +内流和CRAC电流(I CRAC)。我们建议Orai1是CRAC渠道综合体的重要组成部分或调节者。

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