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Highly ordered arrangement of single neurons in orientation pinwheels

机译:定向风车中单个神经元的高度有序排列

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In the visual cortex of higher mammals, neurons are arranged across the cortical surface in an orderly map of preferred stimulus orientations(1,2). This map contains 'orientation pinwheels', structures that are arranged like the spokes of a wheel such that orientation changes continuously around a centre. Conventional optical imaging(3,4) first demonstrated these pinwheels(3,5), but the technique lacked the spatial resolution to determine the response properties and arrangement of cells near pinwheel centres. Electrophysiological recordings later demonstrated sharply selective neurons near pinwheel centres(6,7), but it remained unclear whether they were arranged randomly or in an orderly fashion. Here we use two-photon calcium imaging in vivo(8-12) to determine the microstructure of pinwheel centres in cat visual cortex with single-cell resolution. We find that pinwheel centres are highly ordered: neurons selective to different orientations are clearly segregated even in the very centre. Thus, pinwheel centres truly represent singularities in the cortical map. This highly ordered arrangement at the level of single cells suggests great precision in the development of cortical circuits underlying orientation selectivity.
机译:在高等哺乳动物的视觉皮层中,神经元在整个皮层表面排列,排列顺序排列了首选刺激方向(1,2)。该地图包含“方向风车”,其结构像车轮的轮辐一样,以使方向围绕中心连续变化。传统的光学成像(3,4)首先演示了这些风车(3,5),但该技术缺乏空间分辨率来确定风车中心附近细胞的响应特性和排列。电生理学记录后来证明在风车中心附近有选择性强的神经元(6,7),但尚不清楚它们是随机排列还是有序排列。在这里我们使用体内的双光子钙成像(8-12)确定具有单细胞分辨率的猫视皮层中风车中心的微观结构。我们发现风车中心高度有序:即使在最中心,对不同方向具有选择性的神经元也很明显地被隔离。因此,风车中心确实代表了皮质图中的奇异点。这种在单个细胞水平上高度有序的排列表明,在定向选择性基础上的皮质电路的发展中具有很高的精确度。

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