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A deep dynamo generating Mercury's magnetic field

机译:产生水星磁场的深层发电机

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摘要

Mercury has a global magnetic field of internal origin and it is thought that a dynamo operating in the fluid part of Mercury's large iron core is the most probable cause. However, the low intensity of Mercury's magnetic field-about 1% the strength of the Earth's field-cannot be reconciled with an Earth-like dynamo. With the common assumption that Coriolis and Lorentz forces balance in planetary dynamos(1), a field thirty times stronger is expected. Here I present a numerical model of a dynamo driven by thermo-compositional convection associated with inner core solidification. The thermal gradient at the core mantle boundary is subadiabatic(2,3), and hence the outer region of the liquid core is stably stratified with the dynamo operating only at depth, where a strong field is generated. Because of the planet's slow rotation the resulting magnetic field is dominated by small-scale components that fluctuate rapidly with time. The dynamo field diffuses through the stable conducting region, where rapidly varying parts are strongly attenuated by the skin effect, while the slowly varying dipole and quadrupole components pass to some degree. The model explains the observed structure and strength of Mercury's surface magnetic field and makes predictions that are testable with space missions both presently flying and planned.
机译:水星具有内部起源的全球磁场,并且认为在水星大铁芯的流体部分中运行的发电机是最可能的原因。但是,水星磁场的强度很低,大约是地球磁场强度的1%,无法与类似地球的发电机协调。通常假设科里奥利力和洛伦兹力在行星动力中达到平衡(1),因此预期磁场强度会提高三十倍。在这里,我介绍了由与内芯凝固相关的热对流驱动的发电机的数值模型。岩心地幔边界处的热梯度是亚绝热的(2,3),因此,只有在一定深度下才能产生强磁场的发电机才能使液核的外部区域稳定地分层。由于行星的自转缓慢,因此产生的磁场主要受随时间快速波动的小规模成分的影响。发电机场扩散通过稳定的导电区域,在该区域中,趋肤效应会迅速衰减快速变化的部分,而缓慢变化的偶极和四极分量会在某种程度上通过。该模型解释了观测到的水星表面磁场的结构和强度,并做出了可以在当前飞行和计划中的太空任务中检验的预测。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2006年第7122期|p. 1056-1058|共3页
  • 作者

    Christensen UR;

  • 作者单位

    Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

    CONVECTION; GEODYNAMO; SHELL; CORE; REVERSALS;

    机译:对流;对地动力学;外壳;核心;逆转;

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