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Weighing the baby

机译:称量婴儿

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摘要

Mass is the fundamental parameter in stellar astrophysics, but measuring mass is difficult, especially for young stars. A study of a youthful neighbour of the Sun provides insight into the accuracy of widely used calibrations. Size matters for stars.Individually, a star's mass determines which fusion reactions are possible in the core, and hence its luminosity, surface temperature and the length of its life. For example, objects less massive than approximately 0.075 times the mass of the Sun (about75 Jupiter masses) never ignite hydrogen fusion, and therefore fade to obscurity in 100 million years or less; these are brown dwarfs. Collectively, the 'initial mass function', the number of stars and brown dwarfs forming as a function of mass, is critical in assessing the total amount of matter in the Milky Way. Until recently, this task loomed large, but within the past five years it has become clear that brown dwarfs are not viable candidates for 'dark matter', the invisible material that constitutes some 90% of the mass of the Milky Way. The initial mass function is also important for testing theories of star formation, and remains vital for understanding how the material in molecular clouds is redistributed to form stars. In particular, we wouldlike to know whether there is a low-mass cut-off to the formation process.
机译:质量是恒星天体物理学的基本参数,但质量测量非常困难,尤其是对于年轻的恒星。对年轻的太阳邻居的研究提供了对广泛使用的校准准确性的深入了解。大小对恒星很重要。恒星的质量分别决定了核中可能发生的聚变反应,并因此决定了其发光度,表面温度和寿命。例如,质量小于太阳质量的约0.075倍(约75个木星质量)的物体永远不会点燃氢聚变,因此在1亿年或更短的时间内就逐渐消失。这些是棕矮星。总的来说,“初始质量函数”,恒星和形成的棕色矮星的数量作为质量的函数,对于评估银河系中的物质总量至关重要。直到最近,这项任务才隐约可见,但是在过去的五年中,很明显棕色矮人并不是“暗物质”的可行候选人,“暗物质”占银河系质量的90%左右。初始质量函数对于测试恒星形成理论也很重要,并且对于理解分子云中的物质如何重新分布以形成恒星仍然至关重要。特别是,我们想知道成型过程是否存在低质量截止值。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2005年第7023期|p.207-208|共2页
  • 作者

    Neill Reid;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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