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A dynamical calibration of the mass-luminosity relation at very low stellar masses and young ages

机译：在非常低的恒星质量和年轻年龄时质量-光度关系的动态校准

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摘要

Mass is the most fundamental parameter of a star, yet it is also one of the most difficult to measure directly. In general, astronomers estimate stellar masses by determining the luminosity and using the 'mass-luminosity' relationship, but this relationship has never been accurately calibrated for young, low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. Masses for these low-mass objects are therefore constrained only by theoretical models. A new high-contrast adaptive optics camera enabled the discovery of a young (50 million years) companion only 0.156 arcseconds (2.3AU) from the more luminous ( > 120 times brighter) star AB Doradus A. Here we report a dynamical determination of the mass of the newly resolved low-mass companion AB Dor C, whose mass is 0.090 +- 0.005 solar masses. Given its measured 1-2-micrometre luminosity, we have found that the standard mass-luminosity relations overestimate the near-infrared luminosity of such objects by about a factor of ～2.5 at young ages. The young, cool objects hitherto thought to be substellar in mass are therefore about twice as massive, which means that the frequency of brown dwarfs and planetary mass objects in young stellar clusters has been overestimated.
机译：质量是恒星最基本的参数，但它也是最难直接测量的参数之一。通常，天文学家通过确定光度并使用“质量-光度”关系来估计恒星质量，但是这种关系从未针对年轻的低质量恒星和褐矮星进行过精确校准。因此，这些低质量物体的质量仅受理论模型约束。新型的高对比度自适应光学相机可以从发光度更高（> 120倍的亮度更高）的恒星AB Doradus A中发现0.156弧秒（2.3AU）的年轻（5000万年）同伴。新解决的低质量伴星AB Dor C的质量，其质量为0.090±0.005太阳质量。鉴于其测量的1–2微米的光度，我们发现标准的质量-光度关系在年轻时高估了此类物体的近红外光度约2.5倍。因此，迄今认为质量较差的年轻凉爽天体的质量大约是质量的两倍，这意味着高矮星团中褐色矮星和行星质量天体的频率被高估了。

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