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Directed aerial descent in canopy ants

机译:冠状蚂蚁的定向空中下降

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摘要

Numerous non- flying arboreal vertebrates use controlled descent ( either parachuting or gliding sensu stricto(1,2)) to avoid predation or to locate resources(3 - 7), and directional control during a jump or fall is thought to be an important stage in the evolution of flight(3,8,9). Here we show that workers of the neotropical ant Cephalotes atratus L. ( Hymenoptera: Formicidae) use directed aerial descent to return to their home tree trunk with > 80% success during a fall. Videotaped falls reveal that C. atratus workers descend abdomen- first through steep glide trajectories at relatively high velocities; a field experiment shows that falling ants use visual cues to locate tree trunks before they hit the forest floor. Smaller workers of C. atratus, and smaller species of Cephalotes more generally, regain contact with their associated tree trunk over shorter vertical distances than do larger workers. Surveys of common arboreal ants suggest that directed descent occurs in most species of the tribe Cephalotini and arboreal Pseudomyrmecinae, but not in arboreal ponerimorphs or Dolichoderinae. This is the first study to document the mechanics and ecological relevance of this form of locomotion in the Earth's most diverse lineage, the insects.
机译:许多非飞行的树栖脊椎动物都使用受控的后裔(跳伞或滑行sensu stricto(1,2))来避免掠食或寻找资源(3-7),并且认为在跳跃或下降过程中进行方向控制是重要的阶段在飞行的进化中(3,8,9)。在这里,我们表明,新近生蚂蚁Cephalotes atratus L.(膜翅目:蚁科)的工人使用定向空中下降以下降时返回家园树干的成功率> 80%。录像带上的坠落表明,阿维塔斯梭菌工人首先以相对较高的速度通过陡峭的滑行轨迹下降到腹部。现场实验表明,坠落的蚂蚁使用视觉线索在树干撞到森林地面之前对其进行定位。与较大的工人相比,较小的C. atratus工人和较小的头孢属物种在较短的垂直距离上重新与其相关的树干重新接触。对普通树栖蚂蚁的调查表明,定向下降发生在大多数部落头足类和树假单胞菌科物种中,而不是在树栖类海绵体或杜鹃科中发生。这是第一个记录这种形式的运动在地球上最多样化的昆虫系中的力学和生态相关性的研究。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2005年第7026期|p. 624-626|共3页
  • 作者

    Yanoviak SP; Dudley R; Kaspari M;

  • 作者单位

    Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

    BEHAVIOR; FOREST; FLIGHT; RAIN;

    机译:行为;森林;飞行;雨;

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