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Electronically soft phases in manganites

机译：锰矿中的电子软相

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The phenomenon of colossal magnetoresistance in manganites is generally agreed to be a result of competition between crystal phases with different electronic, magnetic and structural order; a competition which can be strong enough to cause phase separation between metallic ferromagnetic and insulating charge-modulated states. Nevertheless, closer inspection of phase diagrams in many manganites reveals complex phases where the two order parameters of magnetism and charge modulation unexpectedly coexist. Here we show that such experiments can be naturally explained within a phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory. In contrast to models where phase separation originates from disorder or as a strain-induced kinetic phenomenon, we argue that magnetic and charge modulation coexist in new thermodynamic phases. This leads to a rich diagram of equilibrium phases, qualitatively similar to those seen experimentally. The success of this model argues for a fundamental reinterpretation of the nature of charge modulation in these materials, from a localized to a more extended 'charge-density wave' picture. The same symmetry considerations that favour textured coexistence of charge and magnetic order may apply to many electronic systems with competing phases. The resulting 'electronically soft' phases of matter with incommensurate, inhomogeneous and mixed order may be general phenomena in correlated systems.
机译：一般认为，锰矿中的巨大磁阻现象是由于电子，磁性和结构顺序不同的晶体相之间竞争的结果。这种竞争足以引起金属铁磁和绝缘电荷调制态之间的相分离。然而，仔细检查许多锰矿中的相图会发现复杂的相，其中磁性和电荷调制的两个阶参数出乎意料地共存。在这里，我们表明，这种现象可以用现象学的Ginzburg-Landau理论自然地解释。与其中相分离源自无序或作为应变诱发的动力学现象的模型相反，我们认为磁性和电荷调制共存于新的热力学相中。这导致了丰富的平衡相图，在质量上与实验观察到的相类似。该模型的成功要求对这些材料中电荷调制的性质进行从根本上的重新解释，从局部图像到更扩展的“电荷密度波”图。有利于电荷和磁序的纹理共存的相同对称性考量可能适用于许多具有竞争相位的电子系统。在相关系统中，不规则，不均匀和混合顺序的物质“电子软”相可能是普遍现象。

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