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Integral role of IRF-5 in the gene induction programme activated by Toll-like receptors

机译:IRF-5在Toll样受体激活的基因诱导程序中的整体作用

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The activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is central to innate and adaptive immunity(1-3). All TLRs use the adaptor MyD88 for signalling(4), but the mechanisms underlying the MyD88-mediated gene induction programme are as yet not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the transcription factor IRF-5 is generally involved downstream of the TLR-MyD88 signalling pathway for gene induction of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12 and tumour-necrosis factor-alpha. In haematopoietic cells from mice deficient in the Irf5 gene (Irf5(-/-) mice), the induction of these cytokines by various TLR ligands is severely impaired, whereas interferon-alpha induction is normal. We also provide evidence that IRF-5 interacts with and is activated by MyD88 and TRAF6, and that TLR activation results in the nuclear translocation of IRF-5 to activate cytokine gene transcription. Consistently, Irf5(-/-) mice show resistance to lethal shock induced by either unmethylated DNA or lipopolysaccharide, which correlates with a marked decrease in the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, our study identifies IRF-5 as a new, principal downstream regulator of the TLR-MyD88 signalling pathway and a potential target of therapeutic intervention to control harmful immune responses.
机译:Toll样受体(TLR)的激活对于先天和适应性免疫至关重要(1-3)。所有TLR都使用适配器MyD88进行信号传递(4),但尚未完全理解MyD88介导的基因诱导程序的基础机制。在这里,我们证明转录因子IRF-5通常参与TLR-MyD88信号通路的下游,以诱导促炎细胞因子,例如白介素-6(IL-6),IL-12和肿瘤坏死因子-α的基因。 。在来自缺乏Irf5基因的小鼠(Irf5(-/-)小鼠)的造血细胞中,各种TLR配体对这些细胞因子的诱导作用严重受损,而干扰素-α诱导作用是正常的。我们还提供了IRF-5与MyD88和TRAF6相互作用并被MyD88和TRAF6激活的证据,并且TLR激活导致IRF-5的核易位以激活细胞因子基因转录。一致地,Irf5(-/-)小鼠表现出对未甲基化DNA或脂多糖诱导的致死性休克的抵抗力,这与促炎细胞因子的血清水平显着降低有关。因此,我们的研究确定IRF-5是TLR-MyD88信号通路的新的主要下游调节剂,并且是控制有害免疫反应的治疗性干预措施的潜在靶标。

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