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Observation of nuclear fusion driven by a pyroelectric crystal

机译:热电晶体驱动核聚变的观察

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While progress in fusion research continues with magnetic(1) and inertial(2) confinement, alternative approaches-such as Coulomb explosions of deuterium clusters(3) and ultrafast laser-plasma interactions(4)-also provide insight into basic processes and technological applications. However, attempts to produce fusion in a room temperature solid-state setting, including 'cold' fusion(5) and 'bubble' fusion(6), have met with deep scepticism(7). Here we report that gently heating a pyroelectric crystal in a deuterated atmosphere can generate fusion under desktop conditions. The electrostatic field of the crystal is used to generate and accelerate a deuteron beam (>100 keV and >4 nA), which, upon striking a deuterated target, produces a neutron flux over 400 times the background level. The presence of neutrons from the reaction D + D -> He-3 (820 keV) + n (2.45 MeV) within the target is confirmed by pulse shape analysis and proton recoil spectroscopy. As further evidence for this fusion reaction, we use a novel time-of-flight technique to demonstrate the delayed coincidence between the outgoing alpha-particle and the neutron. Although the reported fusion is not useful in the power-producing sense, we anticipate that the system will find application as a simple palm-sized neutron generator.
机译:尽管融合研究在磁性(1)和惯性(2)限制方面仍在继续,但是替代方法(例如氘团的库仑爆炸(3)和超快激光-等离子体相互作用(4))也提供了对基本过程和技术应用的洞察力。然而,在室温固态条件下产生融合的尝试,包括“冷”融合(5)和“气泡”融合(6),遭到了强烈的怀疑(7)。在这里,我们报道在氘化气氛中轻轻加热热释电晶体会在桌面条件下产生聚变。晶体的静电场用于产生和加速氘核束(> 100 keV和> 4 nA),当撞击氘靶时,其产生的中子通量将超过背景水平的400倍。通过脉冲形状分析和质子反冲光谱法证实了靶中D + D→He-3(820 keV)+ n(2.45 MeV)反应的中子的存在。作为此聚变反应的进一步证据,我们使用一种新颖的飞行时间技术来证明输出的α粒子与中子之间的延迟重合。尽管所报道的聚变在发电方面没有用,但我们预计该系统将作为简单的掌上型中子发生器而得到应用。

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