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首页> 外文期刊>Nature >Fast vesicle replenishment allows indefatigable signalling at the first auditory synapse
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Fast vesicle replenishment allows indefatigable signalling at the first auditory synapse

机译：快速的囊泡补充在第一听觉突触中提供了不间断的信号

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摘要

Ribbon-type synapses in inner hair cells of the mammalian cochlea encode the complexity of auditory signals by fast and tonic release through fusion of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles. At any instant, only about 100 vesicles are tethered to the synaptic ribbon, and about 14 of these are docked to the plasma membrane(1,2), constituting the readily releasable pool(3). Although this pool contains about the same number of vesicles as that of conventional synapses(4,5), ribbon release sites operate at rates of about two orders of magnitude higher(3,6,7) and with submillisecond precision(8-11). How these sites replenish their vesicles so efficiently remains unclear(3,12,13). We show here, using two-photon imaging of single release sites in the intact cochlea, that preformed vesicles derived from cytoplasmic vesicle-generating compartments(14) participate in fast release and replenishment. Vesicles were released at a maximal initial rate of 3 per millisecond during a depolarizing pulse, and were replenished at a rate of 1.9 per millisecond. We propose that such rapid resupply of vesicles enables temporally precise and sustained release rates. This may explain how the first auditory synapse can encode with indefatigable precision without having to rely on the slow, local endocytic vesicle cycle(7).
机译：哺乳动物耳蜗内毛细胞中的带状突触通过融合含神经递质的囊泡的快速和强力释放来编码听觉信号的复杂性。在任何时刻，仅约100个囊泡被束缚在突触带上，其中约14个囊泡停靠在质膜上（1,2），构成了易于释放的池（3）。尽管该池包含的囊泡数量与常规突触的囊泡数量相同（4,5），但色带释放位点的运行速率高出约两个数量级（3,6,7），并具有亚毫秒级的精度（8-11）。 。这些位点如何有效地补充其囊泡尚不清楚（3,12,13）。我们在这里显示，使用完整的耳蜗中单个释放位点的双光子成像，源自细胞质囊泡生成区室的预制囊泡（14）参与了快速释放和补充。在去极化脉冲期间，囊泡以最大的3毫秒/秒的初始速率释放，并以1.9毫秒/秒的速率补充。我们建议，这种囊泡的快速补给能够在时间上精确且持续地释放速率。这可以解释第一听觉突触如何能够以不间断的精度编码而不必依赖缓慢的局部内吞囊泡周期（7）。

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