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R gene expression induced by a type-III effector triggers disease resistance in rice

机译:Ⅲ型效应子诱导的R基因表达引发水稻抗病性

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Disease resistance (R) genes in plants encode products that specifically recognise incompatible pathogens and trigger a cascade of events leading to disease resistance in the host plant(1). R-gene specificity is dictated by both host R genes and cognate avirulence (avr) genes in pathogens(2,3). However, the basis of gene-for-gene specificity is not well understood. Here, we report the cloning of the R gene Xa27 from rice and the cognate avr gene avrXa27 from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Resistant and susceptible alleles of Xa27 encode identical proteins. However, expression of only the resistant allele occurs when a rice plant is challenged by bacteria harbouring avrXa27, whose product is a nuclear localized type-III effector. Induction of Xa27 occurs only in the immediate vicinity of infected tissue, whereas ectopic expression of Xa27 resulted in resistance to otherwise compatible strains of the pathogen. Thus Xa27 specificity towards incompatible pathogens involves the differential expression of the R gene in the presence of the AvrXa27 effector.
机译:植物中的疾病抗性(R)基因编码的产物可以特异性识别不相容的病原体并触发导致宿主植物抗病性的一系列事件(1)。 R基因的特异性由病原体中的宿主R基因和同源无毒力(avr)基因决定(2,3)。但是,基因对基因特异性的基础还不是很清楚。在这里,我们报道了水稻的R基因Xa27的克隆和水稻黄单胞菌pv的同源avr基因avrXa27的克隆。水稻Xa27的抗性和易感等位基因编码相同的蛋白质。但是,当水稻植物受到带有avrXa27的细菌的攻击时,仅表达抗性等位基因,而avrXa27的产物是核定位的III型效应子。 Xa27的诱导仅在感染组织的附近发生,而Xa27的异位表达导致对原本兼容的病原体菌株产生抗性。因此,Xa27对不相容病原体的特异性涉及在AvrXa27效应子存在下R基因的差异表达。

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