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Auxin inhibits endocytosis and promotes its own efflux from cells

机译：生长素抑制细胞内吞并促进其自身从细胞外排

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摘要

One of the mechanisms by which signalling molecules regulate cellular behaviour is modulating subcellular protein translocation. This mode of regulation is often based on specialized vesicle trafficking, termed constitutive cycling, which consists of repeated internalization and recycling of proteins to and from the plasma membrane(1). No such mechanism of hormone action has been shown in plants although several proteins, including the PIN auxin efflux facilitators, exhibit constitutive cycling(2,3). Here we show that a major regulator of plant development, auxin, inhibits endocytosis. This effect is specific to biologically active auxins and requires activity of the Calossin-like protein BIG. By inhibiting the internalization step of PIN constitutive cycling, auxin increases levels of PINs at the plasma membrane. Concomitantly, auxin promotes its own efflux from cells by a vesicle-trafficking-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, asymmetric auxin translocation during gravitropism is correlated with decreased PIN internalization. Our data imply a previously undescribed mode of plant hormone action: by modulating PIN protein trafficking, auxin regulates PIN abundance and activity at the cell surface, providing a mechanism for the feedback regulation of auxin transport.
机译：信号分子调节细胞行为的机制之一是调节亚细胞蛋白易位。这种调节模式通常基于专门的囊泡运输，称为组成性循环，由反复内在化和蛋白质往返质膜的循环（1）组成。尽管几种蛋白质（包括PIN植物生长素外排促进剂）表现出本构循环（2,3），但尚未在植物中显示出这种激素作用机制。在这里，我们表明植物生长的主要调节剂生长素抑制内吞作用。该作用对生物活性植物生长素具有特异性，并且需要类似肌动蛋白的蛋白质BIG的活性。通过抑制PIN组成循环的内在化步骤，生长素可以增加质膜上PIN的水平。伴随地，生长素通过依赖小泡运输的机制促进其自身从细胞的流出。此外，重力运动期间不对称的生长素转运与减少的PIN内部化相关。我们的数据暗示了以前未描述的植物激素作用模式：通过调节PIN蛋白的运输，植物生长素调节细胞表面PIN的丰度和活性，为植物生长素运输的反馈调节提供了一种机制。

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