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Aeolian processes at the Mars Exploration Rover Meridiani Planum landing site

机译:火星探索漫游者Meridiani Planum着陆点的风成过程

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The martian surface is a natural laboratory for testing our understanding of the physics of aeolian (wind-related) processes in an environment different from that of Earth. Martian surface markings and atmospheric opacity are time-variable, indicating that fine particles at the surface are mobilized regularly by wind(1-3). Regolith (unconsolidated surface material) at the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's landing site has been affected greatly by wind, which has created and reoriented bedforms, sorted grains, and eroded bedrock. Aeolian features here preserve a unique record of changing wind direction and wind strength. Here we present an in situ examination of a martian bright wind streak, which provides evidence consistent with a previously proposed formational model(4,5) for such features. We also show that a widely used criterion for distinguishing between aeolian saltation- and suspension-dominated grain behaviour is different on Mars, and that estimated wind friction speeds between 2 and 3 ms(-1), most recently from the northwest, are associated with recent global dust storms, providing ground truth for climate model predictions.
机译:火星表面是一个自然实验室,用于测试我们在与地球不同的环境中对风(与风有关)过程的物理学的理解。火星表面的标记和大气的不透明性是随时间变化的,这表明表面的细小颗粒会被风有规律地动员(1-3)。火星探测车机遇号着陆点的Regolith(未固结的表面物质)受到风的极大影响,风造成并重新定向了地层,分类的谷物和侵蚀的基岩。这里的风沙特征保留了改变风向和风强度的独特记录。在这里,我们提出了火星亮风条纹的原位检查,这提供了与先前针对此类特征提出的地层模型(4,5)相一致的证据。我们还表明,用于区分风成盐和悬浮为主的谷物行为的广泛使用的标准在火星上是不同的,并且估计的风摩擦速度介于2和3 ms(-1)之间,最近来自西北,与最近的全球沙尘暴,为气候模型的预测提供了事实依据。

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