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Insight into the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake from GPS measurements in southeast Asia

机译：通过东南亚的GPS测量了解2004年的苏门答腊-安达曼地震

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摘要

Data collected at,60 Global Positioning System (GPS) sites in southeast Asia show the crustal deformation caused by the 26 December 2004 Sumatra - Andaman earthquake at an unprecedented large scale. Small but significant co-seismic jumps are clearly detected more than 3,000 km from the earthquake epicentre. The nearest sites, still more than 400 km away, show displacements of 10 cm or more. Here we show that the rupture plane for this earthquake must have been at least 1,000 km long and that non-homogeneous slip is required to fit the large displacement gradients revealed by the GPS measurements. Our kinematic analysis of the GPS recordings indicates that the centroid of released deformation is located at least 200 km north of the seismological epicentre. It also provides evidence that the rupture propagated northward sufficiently fast for stations in northern Thailand to have reached their final positions less than 10 min after the earthquake, hence ruling out the hypothesis of a silent slow aseismic rupture.
机译：在东南亚的60个全球定位系统（GPS）站点收集的数据显示，由2004年12月26日的苏门答腊-安达曼地震引起的地壳变形是前所未有的。在距地震中心3,000多公里处清楚地检测到小而显着的同震跳跃。最近的站点（仍在400多公里之外）显示出10厘米或更大的位移。在这里，我们表明，这次地震的破裂面必须至少有1000 km长，并且需要非均匀滑动才能适应GPS测量所揭示的大位移梯度。我们对GPS记录的运动学分析表明，释放的形变质心位于地震震中以北至少200 km。它还提供了证据，表明该破裂向北传播的速度足够快，以至于泰国北部的地震台站在地震发生后不到10分钟到达其最终位置，因此排除了无声慢地震破裂的假说。

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