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Young organic matter as a source of carbon dioxide outgassing from Amazonian rivers

机译：年轻的有机物是亚马逊河中的二氧化碳排放源

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摘要

Rivers are generally supersaturated with respect to carbon dioxide, resulting in large gas evasion fluxes that can be a significant component of regional net carbon budgets. Amazonian rivers were recently shown to outgas more than ten times the amount of carbon exported to the ocean in the form of total organic carbon or dissolved inorganic carbon1. High carbon dioxide concentrations in rivers originate largely from in situ respiration of organic carbon, but little agreement exists about the sources or turnover times of this carbon. Here we present results of an extensive survey of the carbon isotope composition (~(13)C and ~(14)C) of dissolved inorganic carbon and three size-fractions of organic carbon across the Amazonian river system. We find that respiration of contemporary organic matter (less than five years old) originating on land and near rivers is the dominant source of excess carbon dioxide that drives outgassing in medium to large rivers, although we find that bulk organic carbon fractions transported by these rivers range from tens to thousands of years in age. We therefore suggest that a small, rapidly cycling pool of organic carbon is responsible for the large carbon fluxes from land to water to atmosphere in the humid tropics.
机译：河流通常相对于二氧化碳而言过饱和，导致大量的气体逃逸通量可能是区域净碳预算的重要组成部分。最近显示，亚马逊河流域以总有机碳或溶解性无机碳的形式排放到海洋的碳量超过了十倍。河流中较高的二氧化碳浓度主要源于有机碳的原地呼吸作用，但是这种碳的来源或周转时间很少达成共识。在这里，我们提出了对整个亚马逊河系统中溶解的无机碳和三个大小分数的有机碳的碳同位素组成（〜（13）C和〜（14）C）进行的广泛调查的结果。我们发现，源自陆地和河流附近的当代有机物（不到5年）的呼吸作用是导致中型到大型河流脱气的过量二氧化碳的主要来源，尽管我们发现这些河流运输的大量有机碳部分年龄范围从几万到数千年。因此，我们建议，一个小的，快速循环的有机碳池负责从潮湿的热带地区从陆地到水再到大气的大量碳通量。

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