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Liquid crystal 'blue phases' with a wide temperature range

机译:宽温度范围的液晶“蓝相”

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摘要

Liquid crystal 'blue phases' are highly fluid self-assembled three-dimensional cubic defect structures that exist over narrow temperature ranges in highly chiral liquid crystals(1). The characteristic period of these defects is of the order of the wavelength of visible light, and they give rise to vivid specular reflections(2) that are controllable with external fields(3-8). Blue phases may be considered as examples of tuneable photonic crystals(9) with many potential applications. The disadvantage of these materials, as predicted theoretically and proved experimentally(1), is that they have limited thermal stability: they exist over a small temperature range (0.5-2 degrees C) between isotropic and chiral nematic (N*) thermotropic phases, which limits their practical applicability. Here we report a generic family of liquid crystals that demonstrate an unusually broad body-centred cubic phase (BPI*) from 60 degrees C down to 16 degrees C. We prove this with optical texture analysis, selective reflection spectroscopy, Kossel diagrams and differential scanning calorimetry, and show, using a simple polarizer-free electro-optic cell, that the reflected colour is switched reversibly in applied electric fields over a wide colour range in typically 10 ms. We propose that the unusual behaviour of these blue phase materials is due to their dimeric molecular structure and their very high flexoelectric coefficients. This in turn sets out new theoretical challenges and potentially opens up new photonic applications.
机译:液晶``蓝相''是高度流动的自组装三维立方缺陷结构,存在于高度手性液晶的狭窄温度范围内(1)。这些缺陷的特征周期约为可见光的波长,它们会引起可通过外部场控制的生动的镜面反射(2)(3-8)。蓝相可被视为具有许多潜在应用的可调谐光子晶体(9)的示例。正如理论上预测和实验证明的那样,这些材料的缺点(1)是它们的热稳定性有限:它们存在于各向同性和手性向列(N *)热致变相之间的较小温度范围内(0.5-2摄氏度),这限制了它们的实际适用性。在这里,我们报告了一个普通的液晶家族,该家族展示了从60摄氏度到16摄氏度不等的宽体心立方相(BPI *)。我们通过光学纹理分析,选择性反射光谱,Kossel图和差分扫描证明了这一点。量热法,并显示,使用一个简单的无偏振电光电池,反射的颜色在施加的电场中通常在10毫秒内在宽的颜色范围内可逆地切换。我们认为,这些蓝相材料的异常行为是由于它们的二聚体分子结构和非常高的柔电系数。反过来,这提出了新的理论挑战,并有可能开拓新的光子应用。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2005年第7053期|p. 997-1000|共4页
  • 作者

    Coles HJ; Pivnenko MN;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Cambridge, Ctr Mol Mat Photon & Elect, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

    PHOTONIC CRYSTALS;

    机译:光子晶体;

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