10 cm), which in some cases reach the ground as meteorites, typically '/> Meteoritic dust from the atmospheric disintegration of a large meteoroid
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Meteoritic dust from the atmospheric disintegration of a large meteoroid

机译：大型流星体在大气中分解产生的陨石尘

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摘要

Much of the mass of most meteoroids entering the Earth's atmosphere is consumed in the process of ablation. Larger meteoroids (> 10 cm), which in some cases reach the ground as meteorites, typically have survival fractions near 1 - 25 per cent of their initial mass(1). The fate of the remaining ablated material is unclear, but theory suggests that much of it should recondense through coagulation as nanometre-sized particles(2). No direct measurements of such meteoric 'smoke' have hitherto been made(3). Here we report the disintegration of one of the largest meteoroids to have entered the Earth's atmosphere during the past decade, and show that the dominant contribution to the mass of the residual atmospheric aerosol was in the form of micrometre-sized particles. This result is contrary to the usual view that most of the material in large meteoroids is efficiently converted to particles of much smaller size through ablation(4). Assuming that our observations are of a typical event, we suggest that large meteoroids provide the dominant source of micrometre-sized meteoritic dust at the Earth's surface over long timescales.
机译：进入地球大气层的大多数流星体的大部分在消融过程中被消耗掉了。较大的流星体（> 10 cm），在某些情况下以陨石的形式到达地面，通常生存率接近其初始质量的1-25％（1）。剩余的烧蚀材料的命运尚不清楚，但理论表明，其中大部分应通过凝结以纳米级颗粒的形式重新凝结（2）。迄今为止，尚未对此类流星“烟”进行直接测量（3）。在这里，我们报告了过去十年进入地球大气层的最大流星体之一的崩解，并表明对残余大气气溶胶质量的主要贡献是微米级的颗粒形式。这一结果与通常的观点相反，即大尺寸流星体中的大多数材料通过烧蚀有效地转化为尺寸更小的颗粒（4）。假设我们的观测是典型事件，我们建议在较长的时间尺度上，大型流星体是地球表面微米级陨石尘埃的主要来源。

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