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The neuronal representation of pitch in primate auditory cortex

机译：灵长类听觉皮层音高的神经元表示

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摘要

Pitch perception is critical for identifying and segregating auditory objects(1), especially in the context of music and speech. The perception of pitch is not unique to humans and has been experimentally demonstrated in several animal species(2,3). Pitch is the subjective attribute of a sound's fundamental frequency (f(0)) that is determined by both the temporal regularity and average repetition rate of its acoustic waveform. Spectrally dissimilar sounds can have the same pitch if they share a common f(0). Even when the acoustic energy at f(0) is removed ('missing fundamental') the same pitch is still perceived(1). Despite its importance for hearing, how pitch is represented in the cerebral cortex is unknown. Here we show the existence of neurons in the auditory cortex of marmoset monkeys that respond to both pure tones and missing fundamental harmonic complex sounds with the same f(0), providing a neural correlate for pitch constancy(1). These pitch-selective neurons are located in a restricted low-frequency cortical region near the anterolateral border of the primary auditory cortex, and is consistent with the location of a pitch-selective area identified in recent imaging studies in humans(4,5).
机译：音调感知对于识别和隔离听觉对象至关重要（1），尤其是在音乐和语音环境中。对音高的感知并不是人类独有的，并且已经在几种动物中得到实验证明（2,3）。音调是声音基本频率（f（0））的主观属性，它由声音波形的时间规律性和平均重复率决定。如果频谱不同的声音共享相同的f（0），则它们可以具有相同的音高。即使在f（0）处的声能被消除（“缺少基波”）时，仍会感觉到相同的音高（1）。尽管它对听力很重要，但是在大脑皮层中如何表示音调仍是未知的。在这里，我们显示了mar猴的听觉皮层中存在神经元，它们以相同的f（0）响应纯音和缺少基本谐波复声，从而为音高恒定提供了神经相关性（1）。这些音高选择神经元位于初级听觉皮层前外侧边界附近的受限低频皮质区域，与最近在人体成像研究中确定的音高选择区域的位置一致（4,5）。

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