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Isotope-induced partial localization of core electrons in the homonuclear molecule N-2

机译:同位素诱导的同核分子N-2中核心电子的部分定位

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摘要

Because of inversion symmetry and particle exchange, all constituents of homonuclear diatomic molecules are in a quantum mechanically non-local coherent state; this includes the nuclei and deep-lying core electrons. Hence, the molecular photoemission can be regarded as a natural double-slit experiment(1): coherent electron emission originates from two identical sites, and should give rise to characteristic interference patterns(2). However, the quantum coherence is obscured if the two possible symmetry states of the electronic wavefunction ('gerade' and 'ungerade') are degenerate; the sum of the two exactly resembles the distinguishable, incoherent emission from two localized core sites. Here we observe the coherence of core electrons in N-2 through a direct measurement of the interference exhibited in their emission. We also explore the gradual transition to a symmetry-broken system of localized electrons by comparing different isotope-substituted species - a phenomenon analogous to the acquisition of partial 'which-way' information in macroscopic double-slit experiments(3).
机译:由于反转对称性和粒子交换,同核双原子分子的所有成分都处于量子力学非局部相干状态;这包括原子核和深处的核心电子。因此,分子的光发射可以看作是自然的双缝实验(1):相干电子发射源于两个相同的位置,并应引起特征性的干涉图样(2)。但是,如果电子波函数的两个可能的对称状态(“ gerade”和“ ungerade”)退化,则量子相干性会变得模糊;两者之和恰好类似于来自两个局部核心站点的可分辨的,不连贯的发射。在这里,我们通过直接测量核电子在发射中所表现出的干扰来观察N-2中核心电子的相干性。我们还通过比较不同的同位素取代物种探索了局部电子对称破碎系统的逐步过渡-这种现象类似于在宏观双缝实验中获取部分``双向''信息的现象(3)。

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