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Dependence of the duration of geomagnetic polarity reversals on site latitude

机译:地磁极性反转持续时间与站点纬度的关系

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摘要

An important constraint on the processes governing the geo-dynamo―the flow in the outer core responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field―is the duration of geomagnetic polarity reversals; that is, how long it takes for Earth's magnetic field to reverse. It is generally accepted that Earth's magnetic field strength drops to low levels during polarity reversals, and the field direction progresses through a 180°change while the field is weak. The time it takes for this process to happen, however, remains uncertain, with estimates ranging from a few thousand up to 28,000 years. Here I present an analysis of the available sediment records of the four most recent polarity reversals. These records yield an average estimate of about 7,000 years for the time it takes for the directional change to occur. The variation about this mean duration is not random, but instead varies with site latitude, with shorter durations observed at low-latitude sites, and longer durations observed at mid- to high-latitude sites. Such variation of duration with site latitude is predicted by simple geometrical reversal models, in which non-dipole fields are allowed to persist while the axial dipole decays through zero and then builds in the opposite direction, and provides a constraint on numerical dynamo models.
机译:地磁发电机控制过程的一个重要限制是外磁极反转的持续时间,地磁发电机是负责产生地球磁场的外核中的流动。也就是说,地球磁场反转需要多长时间。人们普遍认为,在极性反转期间,地球的磁场强度会降低到较低水平,并且当磁场弱时,磁场方向会经过180°的变化。但是,该过程所需的时间仍然不确定,估计范围从数千年到28,000年不等。在这里,我将对四个最近的极性反转的可用沉积物记录进行分析。根据这些记录,方向更改发生的时间平均约为7,000年。关于平均持续时间的变化不是随机的,而是随地点纬度而变化的,在低纬度地点观测到的持续时间较短,而在中高纬度地点观测到的持续时间较长。这种持续时间随地点纬度的变化是通过简单的几何逆转模型预测的,其中非偶极子场可以持续存在,而轴向偶极子衰变到零然后沿相反的方向建立,并且对数字发电机模型提供了约束。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2004年第6983期|p.637-640|共4页
  • 作者

    Bradford M. Clement;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth Sciences, Florida International University, SW 8th Street & 107th Avenue, Miami, Florida 33199, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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