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Competition and mutualism among the gut helminths of a mammalian host

机译：哺乳动物宿主肠道蠕虫之间的竞争和互惠

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Most animal species are infected with multiple parasite species; however, the role of interspecific parasite interactions in influencing parasite dynamics and shaping parasite communities has been unclear. Although laboratory studies have found evidence of cross-immunity, immunosuppression and competition(1-6), analyses of hosts in the field have generally concluded that parasite communities are little more than random assemblages(7-14). Here we present evidence of consistent interspecific interactions in a natural mammalian system, revealed through the analysis of parasite intensity data collected from a free-ranging rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) population, sampled monthly for a period of 23 yr. The wild rabbit plays host to a diverse gut helminth community(15-17) that reflects the communities seen in other economically important domestic herbivores(18,19). These findings suggest that parasite interactions could have profound implications for the dynamics of parasite communities. The efficacy of parasite control programmes could be jeopardized if such interactions are not taken into account. In contrast, a clear understanding of such interactions may provide the basis for the development of more environmentally acceptable methods of parasite control.
机译：大多数动物物种感染了多种寄生虫物种。然而，种间寄生虫相互作用在影响寄生虫动力学和塑造寄生虫群落中的作用尚不清楚。尽管实验室研究发现了交叉免疫，免疫抑制和竞争的证据（1-6），但对现场宿主的分析通常得出结论，寄生虫群落只不过是随机组合（7-14）。在这里，我们提供了一个自然哺乳动物系统中一致的种间相互作用的证据，这是通过对从自由放养的兔子（穴兔（Oryctolagus cuniculus））种群收集的寄生虫强度数据进行分析而揭示的，该样本每月采样23年。野兔扮演着一个多样化的肠道蠕虫群落（15-17），反映了其他在经济上重要的家养食草动物中所见的群落（18,19）。这些发现表明，寄生虫的相互作用可能会对寄生虫群落的动力学产生深远的影响。如果不考虑这种相互作用，可能会危害寄生虫控制计划的效力。相反，对这种相互作用的清晰理解可能为开发更环境可接受的寄生虫控制方法提供基础。

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