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Iron and phosphorus co-limit nitrogen fixation in the eastern tropical North Atlantic

机译：铁和磷共同限制北大西洋东部固氮

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摘要

The role of iron in enhancing phytoplankton productivity in high nutrient, low chlorophyll oceanic regions was demonstrated first through iron-addition bioassay experiments(1) and subsequently confirmed by large-scale iron fertilization experiments(2). Iron supply has been hypothesized to limit nitrogen fixation and hence oceanic primary productivity on geological timescales(3), providing an alternative to phosphorus as the ultimate limiting nutrient(4). Oceanographic observations have been interpreted both to confirm and refute this hypothesis(5,6), but direct experimental evidence is lacking(7). We conducted experiments to test this hypothesis during the Meteor 55 cruise to the tropical North Atlantic. This region is rich in diazotrophs(8) and strongly impacted by Saharan dust input(9). Here we show that community primary productivity was nitrogen-limited, and that nitrogen fixation was co-limited by iron and phosphorus. Saharan dust addition stimulated nitrogen fixation, presumably by supplying both iron and phosphorus(10,11). Our results support the hypothesis that aeolian mineral dust deposition promotes nitrogen fixation in the eastern tropical North Atlantic.
机译：首先通过添加铁的生物测定实验（1）证明了铁在提高高养分，低叶绿素海洋区域浮游植物生产力方面的作用（1），随后通过大规模的铁肥实验（2）得到了证实。假设铁的供应会限制固氮，从而限制地质时标上的海洋初级生产力（3），从而提供了磷作为最终限制养分的替代方法（4）。已经解释了海洋学观测以证实和驳斥这一假设（5,6），但缺乏直接的实验证据（7）。我们进行了实验以检验流星55巡游热带北大西洋期间的这一假设。该地区富含重氮营养菌（8），并受到撒哈拉粉尘输入的强烈影响（9）。在这里，我们显示社区的初级生产力受到氮的限制，而固氮则受到铁和磷的共同限制。撒哈拉粉尘的添加可能会同时提供铁和磷，从而刺激了固氮作用（10,11）。我们的结果支持这样的假说，即风沙矿物尘埃沉积促进了北大西洋东部热带地区的固氮。

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