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Aldehyde suppression of copepod recruitment in blooms of a ubiquitous planktonic diatom

机译：醛对无处不在的浮游硅藻绽放中co足类募集的抑制作用

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The growth cycle in nutrient-rich, aquatic environments starts with a diatom bloom that ends in mass sinking of ungrazed cells and phytodetritus(1). The low grazing pressure on these blooms has been attributed to the inability of overwintering copepod populations to track them temporally(2). We tested an alternative explanation: that dominant diatom species impair the reproductive success of their grazers. We compared larval development of a common overwintering copepod fed on a ubiquitous, early-blooming diatom species with its development when fed on a typical post-bloom dinoflagellate. Development was arrested in all larvae in which both mothers and their larvae were fed the diatom diet. Mortality remained high even if larvae were switched to the dinoflagellate diet. Aldehydes, cleaved from a fatty acid precursor by enzymes activated within seconds after crushing of the cell(3), elicit the teratogenic effect(4). This insidious mechanism, which does not deter the herbivore from feeding but impairs its recruitment, will restrain the cohort size of the next generation of early-rising overwinterers. Such a transgenerational plant-herbivore interaction could explain the recurringly inefficient use of a predictable, potentially valuable food resource-the spring diatom bloom-by marine zooplankton.
机译：在营养丰富的水生环境中，生长周期以硅藻绽放开始，最终以未浸没的细胞和植物碎屑的大量沉没为终点（1）。这些开花的低放牧压力归因于co足类种群越冬无法及时追踪它们（2）。我们测试了另一种解释：占主导地位的硅藻物种损害了其放牧者的繁殖成功。我们比较了以普遍存在的，早开花的硅藻物种为食的普通越冬co足类的幼虫发育与以典型的开花后的鞭毛藻为食时其发育的比较。在所有母亲和幼虫都接受了硅藻饮食的幼虫中，发育被阻止。即使将幼虫改为鞭毛藻饮食，死亡率仍然很高。醛被细胞破碎后几秒钟内被激活的酶从脂肪酸前体裂解而来（3），从而引起致畸作用（4）。这种阴险的机制不会阻止草食动物进食，但会削弱其觅食能力，它将限制下一代早起的越冬者的队列规模。这种跨代植物-草食动物的相互作用可以解释海洋浮游动物对可预测的，潜在有价值的食物资源（春季硅藻盛开）的反复利用效率低下。

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