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Object-based attention determines dominance in binocular rivalry

机译：基于对象的注意力决定了双眼竞争中的主导地位

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A question of long-standing interest to philosophers, psychologists and neuroscientists is how the brain selects which signals enter consciousness(1,2). Binocular rivalry and attention both involve selection of visual stimuli, but affect perception quite differently. During binocular rivalry, awareness alternates between two different stimuli presented to the two eyes. In contrast, attending to one of two different stimuli impairs discrimination of the ignored stimulus, but without causing it to disappear from consciousness. Here we show that despite this difference, attention and rivalry rely on shared object-based selection mechanisms. We cued attention to one of two superimposed transparent surfaces and then deleted the image of one surface from each eye, resulting in rivalry. Observers usually reported seeing only the cued surface. They were also less accurate in judging unpredictable changes in the features of the uncued surface. Our design ensured that selection of the cued surface could not have resulted from spatial, ocular or feature-based mechanisms. Rather, attention was drawn to one surface, and this caused the other surface to be perceptually suppressed during rivalry. These results raise the question of how object representations compete during these two forms of perceptual selection, even as the features of those objects change unpredictably over time.
机译：哲学家，心理学家和神经科学家长期以来一直关注的一个问题是，大脑如何选择哪些信号进入意识（1,2）。双眼竞争和注意力都涉及视觉刺激的选择，但对知觉的影响却大不相同。在双目竞争中，意识在呈现给两只眼睛的两种不同刺激之间交替变化。相反，参加两种不同刺激之一会削弱对被忽略刺激的辨别力，但不会导致其从意识中消失。在这里，我们表明，尽管存在这种差异，但是注意力和竞争仍依赖于基于共享对象的选择机制。我们将注意力吸引到两个重叠的透明表面之一上，然后从每只眼睛中删除一个表面的图像，从而引起竞争。观察者通常报告只看到暗示的表面。在判断未预料表面的特征中不可预测的变化时，它们的准确性也较低。我们的设计确保了提示表面的选择不会由于空间，视觉或基于特征的机制而产生。相反，注意力集中在一个表面上，这导致了在竞争中另一表面在感知上被抑制。这些结果提出了一个问题，即在这两种形式的感知选择中，对象表示如何竞争，即使这些对象的特征随时间发生不可预测的变化。

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