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Upwelling-driven nearshore hypoxia signals ecosystem and oceanographic changes in the northeast Pacific

机译:由上升流驱动的近岸低氧信号指示东北太平洋的生态系统和海洋学变化

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Seasonal development of dissolved-oxygen deficits (hypoxia) represents an acute system-level perturbation to ecological dynamics and fishery sustainability in coastal ecosystems around the globe(1-3). Whereas anthropogenic nutrient loading has increased the frequency and severity of hypoxia in estuaries and semi-enclosed seas(3,4), the occurrence of hypoxia in open-coast upwelling systems reflects ocean conditions that control the delivery of oxygen-poor and nutrient-rich deep water onto continental shelves(1). Upwelling systems support a large proportion of the world's fisheries(5), therefore understanding the links between changes in ocean climate, upwelling-driven hypoxia and ecological perturbations is critical. Here we report on the unprecedented development of severe inner-shelf (<70 m) hypoxia and resultant mass die-offs of fish and invertebrates within the California Current System. In 2002, cross-shelf transects revealed the development of abnormally low dissolved-oxygen levels as a response to anomalously strong flow of subarctic water into the California Current System. Our findings highlight the sensitivity of inner-shelf ecosystems to variation in ocean conditions, and the potential impacts of climate change on marine communities.
机译:溶解氧缺乏(缺氧)的季节性发展代表着全球沿海生态系统对生态动力学和渔业可持续性的急性系统级扰动(1-3)。人为的营养物负荷增加了河口和半封闭海域缺氧的频率和严重程度(3,4),而在开放海岸上升流系统中缺氧的发生则反映了海洋条件,该条件控制着氧气贫乏和营养丰富的输送深水进入大陆架(1)。上升流系统支持世界上大部分渔业(5),因此了解海洋气候变化,上升流驱动的缺氧与生态扰动之间的联系至关重要。在这里,我们报道了严重的内层缺氧(<70 m)的空前发展,以及加利福尼亚现行系统内鱼类和无脊椎动物的大量死亡。在2002年,交叉架横断面揭示了异常低的溶解氧水平的发展,这是对北极水流入加利福尼亚水流系统异常强烈的反应。我们的发现强调了内陆生态系统对海洋条件变化的敏感性,以及气候变化对海洋社区的潜在影响。

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