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Role of metal-reducing bacteria in arsenic release from Bengal delta sediments

机译:还原金属细菌在孟加拉三角洲沉积物中释放砷的作用

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The contamination of ground waters, abstracted for drinking and irrigation, by sediment-derived arsenic threatens the health of tens of millions of people worldwide, most notably in Bangladesh and West Bengal(1-3). Despite the calamitous effects on human health arising from the extensive use of arsenic-enriched ground waters in these regions, the mechanisms of arsenic release from sediments remain poorly characterized and are topics of intense international debate(4-8). We use a microscosm-based approach to investigate these mechanisms: techniques of microbiology and molecular ecology are used in combination with aqueous and solid phase speciation analysis of arsenic. Here we show that anaerobic metal-reducing bacteria can play a key role in the mobilization of arsenic in sediments collected from a contaminated aquifer in West Bengal. We also show that, for the sediments in this study, arsenic release took place after Fe(III) reduction, rather than occurring simultaneously. Identification of the critical factors controlling the biogeochemical cycling of arsenic is one important contribution to fully informing the development of effective strategies to manage these and other similar arsenic-rich ground waters worldwide.
机译:沉积物衍生的砷污染了饮用水和灌溉用水,威胁到全世界成千上万人的健康,尤其是在孟加拉国和西孟加拉邦(1-3)。尽管在这些地区广泛使用富含砷的地下水对人类健康造成了灾难性的影响,但从沉积物中释放砷的机理仍然不明确,是国际间激烈辩论的话题(4-8)。我们使用基于微观的方法研究这些机理:微生物学和分子生态学技术与砷的水相和固相形态分析结合使用。在这里,我们表明,减少厌氧金属的细菌可以在从西孟加拉邦受污染的含水层收集的沉积物中的砷动员中发挥关键作用。我们还表明,对于本研究中的沉积物,砷的释放是在Fe(III)还原后发生的,而不是同时发生的。识别控制砷生物地球化学循环的关键因素是对全面指导制定有效策略以管理全球这些和其他富含砷的地下水的一项重要贡献。

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