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The qubit and the cavity

机译:量子位和腔

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摘要

For some time, the efforts of the quantum-optics community have been dedicated to reaching the so-called strong-coupling regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). In cavity QED, atoms are strongly coupled to photons. Usually, photons propagate freely in space over large distances and interact with atoms only briefly as they pass by. The interaction is stronger if photons and atoms are trapped together inside an optical cavity — this consists of a region bounded by two or more mirrors that are aligned to provide multiple reflections of light waves. Suppose that an atom in an excited state enters an empty cavity; it can repeatedly and coherently emit and reabsorb a photon, in a cycle called vacuum Rabi oscillation. In the desired regime, many oscillations occur before the photon or atom escape from the cavity. Starting on page 159 of this issue, Wallraff et al. and Chiorescu et al. report experiments in which the concept of cavity QED has been realized in a solid-state system, using superconducting Josephson junctions. These experiments constitute a major step towards quantum communication with solid-state systems.
机译:一段时间以来,量子光学界的努力一直致力于达到所谓的腔量子电动力学(QED)的强耦合机制。在腔QED中,原子与光子牢固耦合。通常,光子会在很长的距离内在空间中自由传播,并在原子经过时仅与原子短暂相互作用。如果光子和原子在一个光学腔内被捕获在一起,则相互作用会更强-该腔由两个或多个反射镜界定的区域组成,这些反射镜被对齐以提供光波的多次反射。假设处于激发态的原子进入空洞;它可以在称为真空拉比振荡的循环中反复,连贯地发射和重吸收光子。在理想的状态下,在光子或原子从腔中逸出之前会发生许多振荡。从本期的第159页开始,Wallraff等人。和Chiorescu等。报告实验,其中使用超导约瑟夫逊结在固态系统中实现了腔QED的概念。这些实验构成了与固态系统进行量子通信的重要一步。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2004年第7005期|p.138-139|共2页
  • 作者单位

    Institut fuer Theoretische Festkoerperphysik, University of Karlsruhe, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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