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High-resolution structure of a retroviral capsid hexameric amino-terminal domain

机译:逆转录病毒衣壳六聚氨基末端结构域的高分辨率结构

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Retroviruses are the aetiological agents of a range of human diseases including AIDS and T-cell leukaemias. They follow complex life cycles, which are still only partly understood at the molecular level. Maturation of newly formed retroviral particles is an essential step in production of infectious virions, and requires proteolytic cleavage of Gag polyproteins in the immature particle to form the matrix, capsid and nucleocapsid proteins present in the mature virion(1). Capsid proteins associate to form a dense viral core(2) that may be spherical, cylindrical or conical depending on the genus of the virus(3). Nonetheless, these assemblies all appear to be composed of a lattice formed from hexagonal rings, each containing six capsid monomers(2,4,5). Here, we describe the X-ray structure of an individual hexagonal assembly from N-tropic murine leukaemia virus (N-MLV). The interface between capsid monomers is generally polar, consistent with weak interactions within the hexamer. Similar architectures are probably crucial for the regulation of capsid assembly and disassembly in all retroviruses. Together, these observations provide new insights into retroviral uncoating and how cellular restriction factors may interfere with viral replication.
机译:逆转录病毒是包括AIDS和T细胞白血病在内的多种人类疾病的病原体。它们遵循复杂的生命周期,但在分子水平上仍然只有部分了解。新形成的逆转录病毒颗粒的成熟是生产感染性病毒颗粒的必不可少的步骤,并且需要对未成熟颗粒中的Gag多蛋白进行蛋白水解切割,以形成成熟病毒体中存在的基质,衣壳和核衣壳蛋白(1)。衣壳蛋白结合形成密集的病毒核心(2),取决于病毒的属(3),该核心可以是球形,圆柱形或圆锥形。尽管如此,这些组件似乎都是由六边形环形成的晶格组成,每个六环均包含六个衣壳单体(2,4,5)。在这里,我们描述了来自N型鼠白血病病毒(N-MLV)的单个六角形装配体的X射线结构。衣壳单体之间的界面通常是极性的,与六聚体内部的弱相互作用相符。相似的体系结构可能对于调节所有逆转录病毒中的衣壳组装和拆卸至关重要。总之,这些发现为逆转录病毒的脱膜以及细胞限制因子如何干扰病毒复制提供了新的见解。

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