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N-2 production by the anammox reaction in the anoxic water column of Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica

机译：哥斯达黎加Golfo Dulce缺氧水塔中厌氧氨氧化反应产生的N-2

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In oxygen-depleted zones of the open ocean, and in anoxic basins and fjords, denitrification (the bacterial reduction of nitrate to give N-2) is recognized as the only significant process converting fixed nitrogen to gaseous N-2. Primary production in the oceans is often limited by the availability of fixed nitrogen such as ammonium or nitrate(1), and nitrogen-removal processes consequently affect both ecosystem function and global biogeochemical cycles. It was recently discovered that the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium with nitrite-the 'anammox' reaction, performed by bacteria-was responsible for a significant fraction of N-2 production in some marine sediments(2). Here we show that this reaction is also important in the anoxic waters of Golfo Dulce, a 200-m-deep coastal bay in Costa Rica, where it accounts for 19-35% of the total N-2 formation in the water column. The water-column chemistry in Golfo Dulce is very similar to that in oxygen-depleted zones of the oceans-in which one-half to one-third of the global nitrogen removal is believed to occur(3,4). We therefore expect the anammox reaction to be a globally significant sink for oceanic nitrogen. [References: 26]
机译：在公海的缺氧地区以及缺氧的盆地和峡湾，反硝化作用（细菌将硝酸盐还原成N-2的细菌）被认为是将固定氮转化为气态N-2的唯一重要过程。海洋中的初级生产通常受到固定氮（例如铵或硝酸盐）的可用性的限制（1），因此脱氮过程会影响生态系统功能和全球生物地球化学循环。最近发现，亚硝酸盐对铵的厌氧氧化（由细菌进行的“厌氧氨氧化”反应）是造成某些海洋沉积物中N-2产生的主要部分（2）。在这里，我们表明，该反应在哥斯达黎加200米深的沿海海湾Golfo Dulce的缺氧水中也很重要，它占水柱中N-2形成总量的19-35％。 Golfo Dulce中的水柱化学非常类似于海洋中缺氧的区域，据信其中发生了全球总氮去除量的一半至三分之一（3,4）。因此，我们期望厌氧氨氧化反应将成为全球重要的海洋氮汇。 [参考：26]

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