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Mock turtles

机译：模拟龟

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They began emerging in the late 1980s: I new species of freshwater and land I turtles from the waterways and forests of China and Southeast Asia. By the late 1990s, more than a dozen had been described. And that posed a challenge for conservation biologists, who were already struggling to protect the region's existing turtles, which are threatened by poaching for food and traditional medicine. Conservation plans, it seemed, would have to be broadened to include the new discoveries. Most of the new species hadn't made their scientific debuts in the usual way, by being discovered in their natural habitats by field biologists and described in the context of their surroundings. Ten of them had been bought by a New York veterinarian, William McCord, from two Asian reptile dealers, who said that they had acquired them in markets or isolated villages. From 1987, McCord and his academic collaborators began describing the specimens in specialist journals(see Table, overleaf). Subsequent events have put the status of those specimens in serious doubt. In 1998, McCord's two dealer contacts were named in a US criminal indictment as members of the world's biggest ring of reptile smugglers. Shortly afterwards, an enterprising Califor-nian graduate student began an inquiry that seems to have blown McCord's scientific claims apart. It now seems that six of the species described by McCord and his collaborators are hybrids that were possibly bred in captivity, and three are species that have been described under other names elsewhere in the literature. Only one seems to be unambiguously a new species.
机译：它们在1980年代后期开始出现：我是淡水和陆地上的新物种，我是中国和东南亚水道和森林中的海龟。到1990年代后期，已经描述了十几种。这给保护生物学家提出了挑战，他们已经在努力保护该地区现有的海龟，这些海龟受到偷猎食物和传统药物的威胁。似乎必须扩大保护计划，以包括新的发现。大多数新物种并没有以通常的方式进行科学首次亮相，而是由野外生物学家在其自然栖息地中发现并在其周围环境中描述的。其中十只被纽约兽医威廉·麦考德（William McCord）从两名亚洲爬行动物交易商那里购得，后者说他们是在市场或偏远村庄购买的。从1987年开始，McCord和他的学术合作者开始在专业期刊中描述这些标本（见表，下页）。随后的事件使这些标本的状态受到严重怀疑。 1998年，麦考德的两名经销商联系人在美国的刑事起诉书中被指定为世界上最大的爬行动物走私组织成员。此后不久，一位进取心的加州研究生开始了一项调查，似乎使麦考德的科学主张与众不同。现在看来，麦考德和他的合作者所描述的物种中有六个是可能在人工饲养下繁殖的杂种，而三个是在文献中其他名称下已被描述的物种。似乎只有一个无疑是新物种。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2003年第6937期|p.219-220|共2页
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  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
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