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A greener solution

机译:更环保的解决方案

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A catalyst dissolved in a liquid phase can be recycled if the reaction products are captured in an adjacent supercritical phase. A catalyst-storing liquid that is plentiful and environmentally friendly has been found. Catalysis is the key to sustainable synthetic chemistry. Homogeneous catalysts, dispersed in a solution of reactants, have many potential advantages over solid-phase, heterogeneous ones: the molecular nature of the catalyst means that it can be designed rationally to be selective and highly active. The difficulty is in separating out the products and recycling the catalytic material. An elegant solution to this problem, however, is 'multiphase catalysis': the catalyst resides in one liquid phase and the reactants and products are dissolved in a second phase. Supercritical carbon dioxide ― carbon dioxide under pressure, in a phase neither truly liquid nor gas ― has been found to be a useful reactant/product phase in such systems. In the Journal of the American Chemical Society, Heldebrandt and Jessop introduce an attractive system using poly(ethylene glycol), a material that is benign and readily available, to immobilize a homogeneous catalyst while an adjacent phase of supercritical CO_2 (scCO_2) ensures selective extraction of the product.
机译:如果反应产物被捕获在相邻的超临界相中,则可以再循环溶解在液相中的催化剂。已经发现了丰富且对环境友好的催化剂存储液体。催化是可持续合成化学的关键。分散在反应物溶液中的均相催化剂比固相均相催化剂具有许多潜在的优势:催化剂的分子性质意味着可以合理地设计使其具有选择性和高活性。困难在于分离出产物并回收催化材料。但是,“多相催化”是解决该问题的一个好方法:催化剂驻留在一个液相中,而反应物和产物则溶解在第二相中。在这种系统中,超临界二氧化碳-处于压力下的二氧化碳,既不是真正的液相也不是气相-是一种有用的反应物/产物相。在《美国化学学会杂志》上,Heldebrandt和Jessop引入了一种有吸引力的系统,该系统使用聚乙二醇(一种良性且易于获得的材料)固定均相催化剂,同时相邻的超临界CO_2(scCO_2)相可确保选择性萃取产品的

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2003年第6943期|p.930-931|共2页
  • 作者

    Walter Leitner;

  • 作者单位

    Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Worringer Weg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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