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Froghopper insects leap to new heights

机译:蛙蛙昆虫跃上新的高度

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摘要

There are two basic body designs for jumping that enable many animals to escape from predators, to increase their speed of locomotion or to launch into flight. Animals with long legs (bush babies, kangaroos and frogs, for example) have a levering power that enables them to use less force to jump the same distance as short-legged animals of comparable mass, whereas those with short legs must rely on the release of stored energy in a rapid catapult action. Insects exploit both designs: bush crickets use the leverage provided by long legs, fleas use stored energy to power their short legs, and grasshoppers combine features of each. Fleas are considered to be the champion jumpers, but here I show that froghoppers (spittle bugs) are in fact the real champions and that they achieve their supremacy by using a, novel catapult mechanism for jumping.
机译:有两种用于跳跃的基本身体设计,使许多动物能够逃脱捕食者,从而提高其运动速度或发射到飞行中。腿长的动物(例如灌木丛婴儿,袋鼠和青蛙)具有杠杆作用的能力,使它们可以用较小的力跳到与质量类似的短腿动物相同的距离,而腿短的动物则必须依靠释放快速弹射动作中储存的能量。昆虫利用两种设计:灌木bush利用长腿提供的杠杆作用,跳蚤利用储存的能量为短腿提供动力,而蚱hopper则结合了每种特征。跳蚤被认为是跳高冠军,但在这里我证明了事实上,真正的冠军是跳跃的跳跃者(飞虱),它们通过使用新颖的弹射器跳投达到了霸主地位。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2003年第6948期|p.509|共1页
  • 作者

    Malcolm Burrows;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Zoology, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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