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A regulatory mutation in IGF2 causes a major QTL effect on muscle growth in the pig

机译:IGF2的调节性突变对猪的肌肉生长产生重要的QTL影响

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摘要

Most traits and disorders have a multifactorial background indicating that they are controlled by environmental factors as well as an unknown number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The identification of mutations underlying QTLs is a challenge because each locus explains only a fraction of the phenotypic variation. A paternally expressed QTL affecting muscle growth, fat deposition and size of the heart in pigs maps to the IGF2 (insulin-like growth factor 2) region. Here we show that this QTL is caused by a nucleotide substitution in intron 3 of IGF2. The mutation occurs in an evolutionarily conserved CpG island that is hypomethylated in skeletal muscle. The mutation abrogates in vitro interaction with a nuclear factor, probably a repressor, and pigs inheriting the mutation from their sire have a threefold increase in IGF2 messenger RNA expression in postnatal muscle. Our study establishes a causal relationship between a single-base-pair substitution in a non-coding region and a QTL effect. The result supports the long-held view that regulatory mutations are important for controlling phenotypic variation.
机译:大多数特征和障碍具有多因素背景,表明它们受环境因素以及数量未知的数量性状基因座(QTL)的控制。由于每个基因座只能解释表型变异的一小部分,因此鉴定QTL的突变是一项挑战。父本表达的QTL影响猪的肌肉生长,脂肪沉积和心脏大小,其映射到IGF2(胰岛素样生长因子2)区域。在这里,我们显示此QTL是由IGF2内含子3中的核苷酸取代引起的。该突变发生在骨骼肌中低甲基化的进化保守的CpG岛中。该突变消除了与核因子(可能是阻遏物)的体外相互作用,从其父系继承该突变的猪在产后肌肉中的IGF2信使RNA表达增加了三倍。我们的研究建立了非编码区中的单碱基对取代与QTL效应之间的因果关系。该结果支持长期以来的观点,即调节突变对于控制表型变异很重要。

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