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Replication at the speed of thought

机译：以思想的速度复制

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摘要

The 'm-word' is regarded by many in polite intellectual society as belonging to that other set of four-letter words. Some think that memes are at best cultural replicators with a loose analogy to genes; to others they are just a fashion that will fade away; yet others think they are a prime example of hubris, with biologists trespassing into the social sciences as if responding to attacks by deco.nstruc-tionists. It isn't clear whether there is a single fact of life that memes, rather than other mental constructs, have successfully explained so far. The spread of the meme concept has infuriated many; some might say that the only good example of a meme is the meme concept itself. But the latter cannot be true: there are either zillions of memes, or none at all. Many memeticists―scholars from different disciplines dealing with memes―tend to think that memes are best identified at the level of directly observable items, such as behavioural patterns, utterances, texts or artefacts. This idea has a certain operational appeal, and lends itself to describing meme replication in terms of social learning, such as imitation. The informational meme corresponds to the informational gene, for which it is the genetic information that matters, rather than the DNA molecule itself.
机译：在礼貌的知识社会中，“ m字”被许多人视为属于另一组四个字母的单词。有些人认为模因充其量是最多的文化复制者，与基因有松散的比喻。对其他人来说，它们只是一种会逐渐消失的时尚。还有一些人则认为这是自傲的典型例子，生物学家们侵入社会科学领域，就好像对结构主义者的攻击做出反应一样。到目前为止，尚不清楚模因而不是其他心理构造是否能成功地解释生活中的单个事实。模因概念的传播激怒了许多人。有些人可能会说，模因唯一的好例子就是模因概念本身。但是后者不可能成立：要么有无数的模因，要么根本没有。许多模因学家（来自不同学科的模因学者）倾向于认为，模因最好在可直接观察到的项目（例如行为模式，话语，文本或手工艺品）的水平上进行识别。这个想法具有一定的操作吸引力，并且可以根据社交学习（例如模仿）来描述模因复制。信息模因对应于信息基因，对于它而言，重要的是遗传信息，而不是DNA分子本身。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2002年第6896期|p.370-371|共2页
  • 作者

    Eoers Szathmary;

  • 作者单位

    Collegium Budapest (Institute for Advanced Study), 2 Szentharomsag utca, H-1014 Budapest, Hungary;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
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