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Reverse microemulsion synthesis of nanostructured complex oxides for catalytic combustion

机译:纳米微结构复合氧化物的逆​​微乳液合成催化燃烧

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摘要

Catalysts play an important role in many industrial processes, but their use in high-temperature applications—such as energy generation through natural gas combustion, steam reforming and the partial oxidation of hydrocarbons to produce feedstock chemicals— is problematic. The need for catalytic materials that remain stable and active over long periods at high operation temperatures, often in the presence of deactivating or even poisoning compounds, presents a challenge. For example, catalytic methane combustion, which generates power with reduced greenhouse-gas and nitrogen-oxide emissions, is limited by the availability of catalysts that are sufficiently active at low temperatures for start-up and are then able to sustain activity and mechanical integrity at flame temperatures as high as 1,300℃. Here we use sol-gel processing in reverse microemulsions to produce discrete barium hexaaluminate nanoparticles that display excellent methane combustion activity, owing to their high surface area, high thermal stability and the ultrahigh dispersion of cerium oxide on the their surfaces. Our synthesis method provides a general route to the production of a wide range of thermally stable nanostructured composite materials with large surface-to-volume ratios and an ultrahigh component dispersion that gives rise to synergistic chemical and electronic effects, thus paving the way to the development of catalysts suitable for high-temperature industrial applications.
机译:催化剂在许多工业过程中都起着重要作用,但是它们在高温应用中的使用(例如通过天然气燃烧产生的能量,蒸汽重整以及碳氢化合物的部分氧化以生产原料化学品)是有问题的。常常需要在失活甚至中毒的化合物的存在下,对在高操作温度下长期保持稳定和活性的催化材料提出了挑战。例如,催化甲烷燃烧产生的能量减少了温室气体和氮氧化物的排放,但受到了在低温下具有足够活性以启动的催化剂的可用性的限制,这些催化剂随后能够维持活性和机械完整性。火焰温度高达1300℃。在这里,我们在反向微乳液中使用溶胶-凝胶工艺来生产离散的六铝酸钡纳米颗粒,这些纳米颗粒由于其高表面积,高热稳定性以及氧化铈在其表面上的超高分散性而具有出色的甲烷燃烧活性。我们的合成方法为生产各种具有大的表面体积比的热稳定纳米结构复合材料提供了一条通用的途径,并且具有超高的成分分散性,从而产生了协同的化学和电子效应,从而为开发铺平了道路。适用于高温工业应用的催化剂

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2000年第6765期|p.65-67|共3页
  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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