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Probing bulk slates of correlated electron systems by high-resolution resonance photoemission

机译：通过高分辨率共振光发射探测相关电子系统的大板岩

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摘要

Electron correlations are known to play an important role in determining the unusual physical properties of a variety of compounds. Such properties include high-temperature superconductivity, heavy fermion behaviour and metal-to-insulator transitions. High-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) provides a means of directly probing the electronic states (particularly those near the Fermi level) in these materials, but the short photoelectron mean free paths ( ≤ 5 A) associated with the low excitation energies conventionally used ( ≤ 120 eV) make this a surface-sensitive technique. Now that high-resolution PES is possible at much higher energies, with mean free paths as long as 15 A (ref. 6), it should become feasible to probe the bulk electronic states in these materials. Here we demonstrate the power of this technique by applying it to the cerium compounds CeRu_2Si_2 and CeRu_2. Previous PES studies of these compounds revealed very similar spectra for the Ce 4f electronic states, yet it is expected that such states should be different owing to their differing degrees of hybridization with other valence bands. Our determination of the bulk Ce 4f electronic states of these compounds resolves these differences.
机译：已知电子相关性在确定各种化合物的异常物理性质中起重要作用。这些特性包括高温超导性，重费米子行为以及金属到绝缘体的转变。高分辨率光电子能谱（PES）提供了一种直接探测这些材料中电子状态（尤其是费米能级附近的电子状态）的方法，但是与常规使用的低激发能相关的短光电子平均自由程（≤5 A）（ ≤120 eV）使其成为表面敏感技术。现在，在高得多的能量下可以实现高分辨率的PES，平均自由程长达15 A（参考6），探测这些材料中的体电子态应该变得可行。在这里，我们通过将其应用于铈化合物CeRu_2Si_2和CeRu_2来证明该技术的强大功能。先前对这些化合物进行的PES研究表明，Ce 4f电子态的光谱非常相似，但是由于与其他价带的杂交程度不同，因此预计这些态应该有所不同。我们对这些化合物的本体Ce 4f电子态的测定解决了这些差异。

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