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Rapid prototyping of patterned functional nanostructures

机译:快速成型的功能纳米结构原型

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Living systems exhibit form and function on multiple length scales and at multiple locations. In order to mimic such natural structures, it is necessary to develop efficient strategies for assembling hierarchical materials. Conventional photolithography, although ubiquitous in the fabrication of microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems, is impractical for defining feature sizes below 0.1 micrometres and poorly suited to pattern chemical functionality. Recently, so-called 'soft' lithographic approaches have been combined with surfactant and particulate templating procedures to create materials with multiple levels of structural order. But the materials thus formed have been limited primarily to oxides with no specific functionality, and the associated processing times have ranged from hours to days. Here, using a self-assembling 'ink', we combine silica-surfactant self-assembly with three rapid printing procedures—pen lithography, ink-jet printing, and dip-coating of patterned self-assembled monolayers—to form functional, hierarchically organized structures in seconds. The rapid-prototyping procedures we describe are simple, employ readily available equipment, and provide a link between computer-aided design and self-assembled nanostructures. We expect that the ability to form arbitrary functional designs on arbitrary surfaces will be of practical importance for directly writing sensor arrays and fluidic or photonic systems.
机译:生命系统在多个长度尺度和多个位置展现出形式和功能。为了模仿这种自然结构,有必要开发用于组装分层材料的有效策略。传统的光刻技术虽然在微电子学和微机电系统的制造中无处不在,但对于将特征尺寸定义在0.1微米以下并不适用于图形化学功能性,这是不切实际的。最近,所谓的“软”光刻方法已经与表面活性剂和微粒模板程序相结合,以创建具有多种结构顺序的材料。但是由此形成的材料主要限于没有特定功能的氧化物,并且相关的处理时间从数小时到数天不等。在这里,我们使用自组装的“油墨”,将二氧化硅表面活性剂的自组装与三种快速印刷程序(笔式平版印刷,喷墨印刷和带图案的自组装单层浸涂)相结合,以形成功能性,层次分明的组织以秒为单位的结构。我们描述的快速原型制作过程很简单,使用了现成的设备,并在计算机辅助设计和自组装纳米结构之间建立了联系。我们期望在任意表面上形成任意功能设计的能力对于直接写入传感器阵列以及流体或光子系统具有实际意义。

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